de·pen·dent
di-'pen-d?nt
: hanging down
dependent lamps
: determined or conditioned by another :
plans that are dependent on the weather
: relying on another for support
dependent children Their youngest daughter is still dependent on them.
: affected with a drug dependence (see
alcohol dependent
: subject to another's
a dependent territory
dependent clauses
mathematics
: not mathematically or statistically independent (see
a dependent set of vectors dependent events
dependent equations
dependently
Examples of dependent in a Sentence
He has been alcohol dependent for several years.the dependent willow branches swayed in the gentle breeze
Recent Examples of dependent from the Web
While the announcement will weigh on valuation for health stocks, Amazon’s market share gains will be dependent on customer preference.
North Dakota's agricultural economy is dependent on exports and the Beijing government recently imposed a 25 percent tariff on soybeans, the state's top crop.
The long-term outlook is dependent on performance, especially with the presence of 2017 third-round pick Davis Webb and 2018 fourth-round pick Kyle Lauletta behind him on the depth chart.
This operation’s future is dependent on the company’s ability to woo buyers on the other side of the world.
In that trial, eight of 10 beta-thalassemia patients followed for nearly three years are no longer dependent on transfusions, compared with nine of 10 patients free from transfusions in December 2017, when Bluebird last provided an update.
Her son, Francis, 17, said the party is dependent on donations from the community.
Her condition has left her dependent on a colostomy bag.
Critics are wary that the father-of-three's limited experience in politics could leave him dependent on Uribe, who is the leader of his party's bloc in the Senate.
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'dependent.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. .
Is it ever correct to use dependant instead of dependent?
The simple answer to the question of when dependant should be preferred to dependent is—for the American writer, anyway—maybe never. But that's only the simple answer.
In British English, dependant tends to be used for the noun, as in "a person's spouse and dependants," while dependent is the usual choice for the adjective, as in "a person's spouse and dependent children." In American English, dependent typically does both jobs.
This wasn't always the case: dependant is the older of the pair. The word is derived from French dépendant, which was borrowed into English during the Middle Ages with two different meanings: a literal one, "hanging down" (dépendant is the present participle of the French verb dépendre, meaning "to hang down”) and an extended one, “determined or conditioned by another.”
For two centuries, the English adjective was frequently spelled with final -ant or -aunt.
But in the 16th century, the spelling of the word began to shift toward the -ent ending, influenced by the Latin form of the word, dēpendēnt. It is this Latinized spelling of the adjective that is predominately found in American and British English today.
The French-derived dependant, however, still has life across the pond—as a noun. Th it dates to the early 16th century, around the time that the spelling of the word was shifting. Why the -ant spelling for the noun had more staying power in British English is unknown. As the Oxford English Dictionary notes, it was possibly influenced by other nouns, such as defendant and assistant.
In summary, dependant can be used for the noun in either British or American English, but dependent for either noun or adjective is a safe choice in American English.
Origin and Etymology of dependent
Middle English dependant, from Anglo-French, present participle of dependre
NEW! Time Traveler
First Known Use: 14th century
in the meaning defined at
dependent Synonyms
Near Antonyms
Related Words
or less commonly
especially
: a person who relies on another for support
an individual's spouse and dependent
Examples of dependent in a Sentence
The insurance provides coverage for workers and their dependents.a person's spouse and dependentsDo you have any dependents?
Recent Examples of dependent from the Web
Certain museums feature free admission on Tuesdays for residents of the City and County of San Diego and to active military personnel and their dependents.
In many aspects of life, women remain legal dependents, regardless of their ages, education level, or marital status.
As Saudi Arabia joins every other country in the world in allowing women to drive on June 24, oil giant Saudi Aramco has set up a facility to train thousands of employees and their female dependents the ins and outs.
More diplomats and their dependents are expected to be sent home in coming days.
The two children are among Bibbs’ six dependents, his public defender said.
Florida’s law stipulates that prisoners receive no compensation with proceeds instead going to their dependents, victims, the courts and Crimes Compensation Trust Fund.
The financial aid is coming through an expansion of the decade-old Folds of Honor program, a nonprofit that offers $5,000 scholarships to dependents and spouses of the military.
Able-bodied adults aged 18 to 49 who have no dependents have to work at least 20 hours a week to be eligible for the benefits for more than three months within a three-year period.
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'dependent.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. .
Origin and Etymology of dependent
NEW! Time Traveler
First Known Use: 1523
in the meaning defined at
Financial Definition of DEPENDENT
What It Is
A dependent relies on someone else for most or all of his or her financial support.
How It Works
In general, dependents are exemptions that reduce a taxpayer's taxable income. Taxpayers typically can take an exemption for each of his or her dependents. Spouses are not considered dependents from a tax perspective.
To claim someone as a dependent, the dependent must be a U.S. citizen, a U.S. resident alien, a U.S. national resident, or a resident of Canada or Mexico for some part of the year. Adopted children have some special exceptions to this rule. The filer must provide
numbers for all dependents.
People who are dependents on another person's tax return may still have to file their own tax returns. This depends on how much they earn, how old they are and other factors. Dependents cannot claim any personal exemptions on their tax returns.
Why It Matters
The presence and number of dependents affect a taxpayer's tax liabilities and eligibility for public assistance programs such as welfare and food stamps. As mentioned, dependents increase the number of exemptions a taxypayer receives.
Phrases Related to DEPENDENT
Related Phrases
DEPENDENT Defined for English Language Learners
: decided or controlled by something else
: needing someone or something else for support, help, etc.
: addicted to alcohol or a drug
: a person (such as a child) whose food, clothing, etc., you are responsible for providing
DEPENDENT Defined for Kids
de·pen·dent
di-'pen-d?nt
: determined by something or someone else
Our plans are dependent on the weather.
: relying on someone else for support
: requiring or addicted to a drug or alcohol
: a person who depends upon another for support
Medical Dictionary
de·pen·dent
di-'pen-d?nt
: unable to exist, sustain oneself, or act appropriately or normally without the assistance or direction of another
: affected with a drug
: occurring under the influence of gravity
dependent drainage
: affecting the lower part of the body and especially the legs
dependent edema
dependently
: one that is dependent (as on drugs or a person)
Law Dictionary
de·pen·dent
: determined or conditioned by another :
: relying on another for especially financial support
: lacking the necessary means of support or protection and in need of aid from others (as a public agency)
have the child declared dependent and taken away from his or her parents &L. H. Tribe
: subject to another's jurisdiction
the United States and its dependent territories
especially
: a close relative or member of a taxpayer's household who receives over half of his or her support from the taxpayer and is a U.S. citizen, national, or resident, or a resident of a bordering country (as Mexico)
— see also
Learn More about dependent
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Word Games驻日美军要是当街强奸一个日本少女，那日本警察能逮捕以及司法能审判这个美军吗？ - 知乎有问题，上知乎。知乎作为中文互联网最大的知识分享平台，以「知识连接一切」为愿景，致力于构建一个人人都可以便捷接入的知识分享网络，让人们便捷地与世界分享知识、经验和见解，发现更大的世界。299被浏览<strong class="NumberBoard-itemValue" title="0,020分享邀请回答598187 条评论分享收藏感谢收起33添加评论分享收藏感谢收起w9表格干什么用的_百度知道
w9表格干什么用的
我有更好的答案
　　W9/W8分别是对应美国人和非美国人的税表，W9的填写，资料要来自于SSN，包括包括名字、出生日期、以及对应的SSN。　　就申报条例而言，按揭利息指一项交易或商业活动的按揭中所带出之利息，并付予在该项交易或该宗生意的按揭之承保人。至于按揭利息收款人是指在一项交易或商业活动的按揭中收取利息者。　　按揭利息不受预扣后备税条例所约束，但受条例第 6050H 条中的申报条文约束。然而，若文件中的付款人是非本地居留外藉人士而在按揭中支付利息，但该按揭不是按于美国产业，申报条文便不可被应用。请用 W8 表格或一份 W8 之代替表格通知按揭利息收款人，付款人是非本地居留外藉人士。　　投资组合利息 - 概括而言，付予非本地居留外籍人士、外国公司、合伙人、产业、或信讬公司的投资组合利息并不受预扣后备税条例所约束。然而，若投资组合之利息是付予受益者，而该受益者既非财务机构亦非结算所之会员，则必须填报 W8 表格或其代替表格。　　主要业务并非为外地市场之认可责任： 投资组合利息不受30%预扣税所约束，但需要填写W8表格或其代替表格。请参阅本页预扣税代理人指引有关申报规则。　　请参阅 Pub. 515 - 非本地居留外籍人士及外国机构预扣税，不需为这些款项而填报 W8 表格或其代替表格。　　拥有人责任 - 拥有人责任之主要业务范围为外地市场而所得之有关利息，将会被视为投资组合利息及不受 30% 预扣税务所约束。亦不需要填写 W8 表格或其代替表格。　　股息 - 任何美国机构发出予外国地址之股息均受 30% ( 或较低条款 ) 之预扣税率所约束，但不受预扣后备税所约束。外国机构不会就外籍人士之股息中预扣后备税。但若以下条件符合，外国机构将于外籍人士之股息中扣除 30% ( 或较低条款 ) 之预扣税率：　　&#8226;
该外国机构在过去三个税务年度的总入息有 25% 或以上连系于美国的交易或商业活动，及　　&#8226;
该机构因入息税条约关系而不受约束于部份利得税 ( 见条例第884 ( e ) 条 ) 。　　　　　　若一间外国机构付款予另一间外国机构，收款人必须为当地合资格居留人士，从而享有当地税务优惠。　　经纪或对换交易商 - 从经纪或对换交易商中获得之入息是受申报条例及预扣后备税条例所约束的，除非经纪或对换交易商收到 W8 表格或其代替表格以证明阁下是于第一页定义之获豁免外籍人士。
An eligible educational institution, such as a college or university, or a lender of a student loan must get your correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) to file certain information returns with the IRS and to furnish a statement to you. The returns they must file contain information about qualified tuition and related expenses (Form 1098-T, Tuition Statement) and student loan interest (Form 1098-E, Student Loan Interest Statement). The information about your tuition will help to determine whether you, or the person who can claim you as a dependent, may take either the tuition and fees deduction or claim the Hope Credit or Lifetime Learning Credit to reduce federal income tax. The information about your student loan interest will help to determine your deduction for such interest. For more information see Pub. 970, Tax Benefits for Education at the IRS Web site.
W-9表格是付款人需要确认当事人美国身份信息的表格，如果是外国人的话，需要填W-8
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新视野大学英语IV答案
Unit11. Most cities in the country have introduced &Clean Air Zones& (whereby) factories and households are only allowed to burn smokeless fuel. 2. He knows that the (pursuit) of social status can consume vast amounts of his time and effort. 3. The doctors are at a loss because so far no medicine has been found to(inhibit) the spread of the disease. 4. We see many special education directors trying to (maintain) the quality of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff. 5. People there are told it is their (patriotic) duty to support the national economy by buying their own products. 6. Darwin&#39;s thinking both drew upon and (transcended) the conventional ideas of his time. 7. In spite of all your (endeavors) , there may be times when you encounter difficulties in the training process. 8. My advice to Mr. Stewart is to think carefully before entering into a career in medicine, as this is a field which requires a lot of (dedication) and long working hours. 9. Most Chinese parents would prefer to choose some professions that are stable and could bring(prestige) and economic benefits. 10. It is legally possible for an elderly person to (nominate) someone to act for them, should they become incapable of looking after themselves. Expressions in use 1. When Francis got back after Easter, he was far behind his classmates andhe was (removedfrom) the second into the third class at his own desire. 2. The president acknowledged that he had somehow (failedin) his ability to communicate to the American people. 3. Unfortunately, as history has shown, some of the companies are guilty of misconduct (inthepursuitof) profit. 4. The ship (deviatedfrom) the agreed voyage and arrived about 10 days late and in the meantime the price of sugar had fallen and the merchants lost over ?4,000.5. Because the transcript is still under seal, the law (1) (precludes) them (2) (from) reading and discussing the evidence in detail. 6. In carrying out the plan we are likely to come across difficulties, but we are determined to(triumphover) them all. 7. Without increasing investment in education, it will be increasingly difficult for low-income people to (worktheirwayinto) the middle class. 8. All the passengers in the plane that crashed in the middle of the Andes Mountains a week ago were(writtenoff) as dead. Translation Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community&#39;s values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially one and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to beequipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. 世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子， 而且其行动对全 球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。 世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个 整体，每个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公 民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的 教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公 民的意识， 让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很 大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量。世界公民意识致力 于给予人们力量， 让他们付诸行动。 世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价 值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 如今，很多年轻人不再选择&稳定&的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己 的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业（young entrepreneurship）是未来国 家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的 生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的 力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支 持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people&#39;s enthusiasm to start their own businesses.Unit21. Kids are more likely to (intervene) in a situation if they believe their parents expect them to help. 2. The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was never to (underestimate) the degree of difficulty I would face in career advancement. 3. Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well, the illness began to(recede) .4. Whatever the decision is, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I(deem) it a great honor if I could study in your department. 5. During one particularly (bleak) moment in my career, a senior colleague of mine said to me, &If you follow your dreams, the money will come. Follow the money, and you&#39;ll lose your dreams.& 6. Unless we can find a way to (appraise) nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse. 7. The blizzard (暴风雪) moved south, turning into an icy rain that (paralyzed) the airports for three days. 8. In this introduction we have diagnosed some of the causes of the illness and, in the following chapters, we will draw attention to its various unpleasant (symptoms) . 9. In those days, divorce under any circumstances was socially unacceptable and there was great(dismay) in the family who went through it. 10. Every time she talked about being rejected in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the (brink) of tears, and I would quickly switch the conversation to another topic. 1. When the bus (pulledto a stop) and I got off, I was relieved because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of me to enjoy myself. 2. When my car crashed into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about to(blackout) . 3. All kinds of questions concerning the soaring housing price begin to (popup) on cable television and the blogosphere (博客圈). 4. The soldiers&#39; rapid march was (stoppedshort) by the general&#39; they were uncertain whether to go back or forward. 5. A car crashed into the side of a house after the driver lost controland (plowedthrough) a hedge (树篱). 6. Charles reappeared, after half an hour&#39;s absence, and (threwhimselfinto) an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut. 7. You may be out of work but that is no reason to (let yourself go) by not washing, brushing your hair and wearing clean clothes. 8. As her door began to open, she (grabbedfor) the telephone, and then dropped the receiver as Luke walked in. My translation The American Dream is a national ethos (精神特质) of the United States. The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life. Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships. The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants. And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal components and a global vision. But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing. Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone. Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone. 美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义 是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活。 许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由、自我实现和深厚的人际 关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到 17 世纪， 当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广袤大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望， 追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包 含了全局视野。 但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会 结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植 根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。实现中华民族伟大复兴 （rejuvenation） 是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想， 我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国 梦， 是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便 能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而 不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。 每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国 梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.Unit31. As a number of authors point out, the urge to migrate is a(n) (integral) part of human nature. 2. Children should be allowed to (cherish) those few years of innocence before they have to learn the truth about the real world. 3. He has been (afflicted) by a horrible disease, from which one of his best friends died two weeks ago. 4. The results of the survey are (noteworthy) and useful despite being from a small sample. 5. The director said that they needed a young actress who could (portray) someone who was both unbalanced and confident at the same time. 6. Praise must be used wisely to (compliment) students who perform up to expectations and to encourage students to perform to maximum levels. 7. In the (domain) of research, it is an accepted fact that scientific publicationshave to be written or translated into English to get published, acknowledged, and cited. 8. He received a(n) (anonymous) call threatening to disclose details of his affair if he didn&#39;t pay the money. 9. The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, (conscientious) man who led the US through a moral, constitutional and political crisis. 10. It is understandable that the health and welfare of their family is a(n) (perpetual) concern for this young couple. 1. Clearly, most of the students there are full-time workers who would not otherwise have been able to (embarkon) sustained further study. 2. The court ruled that this man (bedeprivedof) his political rights for a further four years after he has served his 13-year sentence. 3. I would love to have kids. I would (turndown) an Oscar to see my boy at a baseball game or my girl at a song recital. 4. Richard was finally released on February 4, one year and six weeks after he&#39;d been (takencaptive) . 5. She hoped Vincent would understand that her life had not been empty, because her love would(liveon) . 6. All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privileged or deprived, are interdependent, and(sharein) the common task of seeking to achieve mankind&#39;s full potential. 7. In September 1944 he was able to return to his academic duties, but soon after the war ended he (was stricken by) a serious illness and did relatively little research thereafter (从那以后). 8 . She retired from the company where she has [ledbyexample) andbeen a source of encouragement to others.Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of &Renaissance Master&. Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time. What make Leonardo&#39;s drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind. Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output quite small. Although not a prolific (多产的) painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams. These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci&#39;s manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. Leonard&#39;s genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art. 莱奥纳多?达?芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一， 也许也是迄 今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因 成就广泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了 “文艺复兴大师”的称号。 莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜? 丽莎》最为有名，而 《最后的晚餐》 则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在 于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有 15 幅流传了下来，其 部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画 家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这些 笔记通常被称为达?芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴 趣的事物提出的理论。莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。 他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。 水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是 中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历 史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚 中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调 和， 使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富 的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚 至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paperenables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.Unit41. Although secondary education is (compulsory) , parents are not required to send their children to state schools. 2. The economic situation has been worsening, causing economists to (contemplate) whether the present policies are sustainable. 3. He was found guilty and was (imprisoned) in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47. 4. It is obvious that the future of the Internet is to (globalize) more and more areas of the world, and that e-commerce and e-entertainment are going to go for more and more markets. 5. However, your current losses should soon be (offset) the fund will produce a positive return of 11.6 percent over a nine-month period. 6. Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous on her and the other girls would (groan) their envy. 7. This can be a helpful approach in discussion ― someone may regard you as (stubborn) since you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined. 8. At weekends, the school park is almost empty except that a few cars (cluster) near the entrance. 9. In the photographer&#39;s finest pictures there is also a degree of (ambiguity) , which allows them to be interpreted in a variety of ways. 10. Tim stretched out a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks andwas (consoled) by a firm handshake from Mark. 1. Virginia was a perfectionist. She was just not prepared to (settlefor) anything that was second best. 2. He could be quite casual in his attitude to his wife&#39;s anxiety, and (moreoftenthannot) failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip. 3. &You&#39;ll kill yourself with those things,& Arty said in a tone in which disappointment was (mingledwith) disgust. 4. Thanks to modern transportation, agricultural products in these remote mountainous regions can also be(tradedfor) other goods. 5. As the market (wassaturatedwith) a wide variety of goods, the economy became more balanced and the competition forced the prices down. 6. Going with the flow doesn&#39;t mean that we don&#39;t know where we&#39; it means that we (areopento) multiple ways of getting there. 7. The athlete had been (endowedwith) long legs and a persistent temperament so he was verysuccessful. 8. The wrongly accused man asked for extra compensation to (make up for) the stress he had suffered during the case.Unit71. People (donate) canned food and old clothes most frequently, but rarely do they think about bringing in underwear ― it&#39;s one of the most obvious but overlooked needs of the homeless. 2. Brian Wood watched his financial life (spiral) downward just when he thought he had overcome the obstacles which had been dominating his past.3. They are to leave the house with only their personal possessions, for they have got a letter ordering the immediate(termination) of their occupancy (居住). 4. The company was reportedly going bankrupt and this would result in the (layoff) of thousands of employees. 5. The princess who was brought up in wealth understood that many things that are common and everyday to her are unimaginable luxuries to people on (subsistence) wages. 6. Young students should develop a broad (spectrum) of interests, which their parents should encourage and support as best as possible. 7. I asked the waitress to refill my coffee cup and she happily (complied) repeatedly until I had consumed enough coffee to stay up all night and study for my exam. 8. Though she lost the title of female world swimming champion last year, she (reclaimed) it this year when she gave it all she could. 9. This type of system which (originated) in the United Kingdom has been widely used throughout Europe and is gaining in popularity in the United States of America and Japan. 10. Failure to make the request will be fatal to the accuser&#39;s claim if the relevant limitation period has (expired) , unless an extension of time is granted. 1. He (putdown) $20,000 as a deposit on the beautiful $200,000 villa believing that his investment would increase over time. 2. The parents who feel that their own lives are miserable and are failures can (windup) doing an immense amount of damage to their kids. 3. Families that are paying for college or saving for college are trying to (scrapetogether) and save the money for their kids.4. Reporters were openly and aggressively questioning whether the party was (on the verge of)being taken over by extremists. 5. The factory had just started production and (in all likelihood) it would take five to seven years to achieve full production. 6. The conditions for the majority of the workforce will continue to (deteriorate into) widespread and extreme poverty if relief payment is late in coming. 7. Only those who are weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each choice (are in a position) to know which one is best for them. 8. Her romantic illusions of being married (gave way to) recognizing her adult responsibilities that came with marriage. 窗体底端 The WTO, established on January 1, 1995, intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization deals with regulation of trade between par it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants&#39; adherence ( 遵 守 ) to WTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified (批准) by their parliaments. The process of becoming a WTO member is unique to each applicant country, and the terms of accession are dependent upon the country&#39;s stage of economic development and current trade regime (体制). China became a member of the WTO on December 11, 2001. The admission of China to the WTO was preceded by a lengthy process of negotiations and required significant changes to the Chinese economy. It also meant a deeper integration of China into the world economy. The admission of China to the WTO was an enormous multilateral (多 边的) achievement which marked a clear commitment toward multilateralism from the Chinese perspective. 世界贸易组织成立于 1995 年 1 月 1 日，旨在监督和促进国际贸易自由化。该组 织负责对成员国之间的贸易进行调控，为贸易协定的谈判和形成制定框架，并提 供争端解决机制以敦促成员国遵守世贸协定， 而这些协定皆为各成员国政府的代 表所签署且获得其立法机构的批准。 每一个申请国加入世贸组织的过程各不相同， 加入的条件取决于该国经济发展的阶段和现行贸易体制。中国在 2001 年 12 月 11 日成为世贸组织成员国，是在经历了漫长的谈判，并按要求对中国经济作出 重大改变之后才得以加入的， 这也意味着中国经济能更深入地融入到世界经济中。 中国加入世贸组织是一项巨大的多边成果，而对中国而言，这也标志着其致力于 多边贸易的明确承诺。 上海自贸区（Shanghai Free Trade Zone）是中国政府于 2013 年设立在上海的自由贸易区。上海自贸区总面积为 28.78 平方公里，是中国大陆境内第一个自由贸 易区，也是进行一系列经济改革的“试验田”（testing ground）。设立上海自贸区 是顺应全球经贸发展新趋势， 实行更加积极主动开放战略的一项重大举措。其主 要任务是为全面深化改革开放探索新路径、积累新经验。上海自贸区作为试点 （pilot project），是中国经济的“试金石”（touchstone），将为深化改革、促进 经济活力起到积极的推动作用。 Shanghai Free Trade Zone is a free trade zone in Shanghai that was launched in 2013 by the Chinese government. Covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers, Shanghai Free Trade Zone is the first of its kind in China&#39;s mainland, and is regarded as a &testing ground& for a number of economic reforms. The establishment of the free trade zone is a significant measure taken to actively promote the opening-up strategy under the new global economic and trade situation. It undertakes a major task to explore new ways and accumulate new experience for the deepening of reform and opening up in an all-round way. As a pilot project, Shanghai Free Trade Zone will become a &touchstone& for Chinese economy. It will play an active role in deepening reforms and boosting economic vigor.Unit81. He could hardly control his (indignation) at the conditions under which the miners were forced to work, without water and enough food. 2. Both sides were very careful when drafting the
they wanted to prevent any actions that could be considered(provocative) by either side. 3. She has always had a(n)(militant) she is always prepared and ready to do battle when she believes that the cause is right. 4. News stories (overlap) : Morning paper headlines take account of the previous evening&#39;s radio and TV stories, and the electronic media pick up items from the daily press. 5. Lucy stretched up to kiss her dad&#39;s cheek lightly, and he patted his daughter as if he was(conferring)an honor to her. 6. Inspired by Martin Luther King&#39;s famous speech, &I Have a Dream&, thousands of people went out onto the streets to support the civil rights movementin(defiance)of the curfew. 7. Beth was(hesitant)about visiting his ex- she worried that he might refuse to talk to her. 8. When humans first traveled into outer space, it was as revolutionary a(n)(milestone)in human culture as the invention of the wheel. 9. Perplexed, she turned and noticed her husband had collapsed and was slumped on the floor behind the counter. She rushed to him and(cradled)his head in her arms. 10. Health experts are now(preaching)that even a little exercise, such as doing housework or light gardening, is far better than none at all. 窗体顶端 1. Our students have almost limitless resources(at their disposal) : a well-equipped library, student workrooms, a large cafeteria, an undergraduate office and a computer center. 2. South Africa&#39;s government imprisoned Nelson Mandela for 27 years, but never succeeded in its attempt to(insulatehimfrom)his sacred cause against racial separation. 3. Please remember to keep a copy for yourself as we cannot return manuscripts,(irrespectiveof)whether or not they are published. 4. He won&#39;t be able to make any progress if he always(has a high opinion of) himself and criticism flows off him like water off a duck&#39;s back. 5. Since Mary won the money and bought up the majority of the company&#39;s stock shares, she now(has authority over)the people she used to take orders from. 6. Your new boss is nice and will be kind to you, provided that you， (foryourpart), work diligently without complaining too much. 7. Despite the measures put in place to prevent plagiarism, it is still not clearhow students can(getawaywith)cheating in their exams. 8. When the economic slump hit the country, many people who had lost their jobs had to(dispensewith)a lot of luxuries. 9. The majority of they want to work hard, want to have a better future, and want to(providefor) their families. 10. In 1940, some people thought Franklin Roosevelt was(tiptoeingaround)the question of war, instead of confronting it, until the Japanese suddenly attacked the United States Navy Pacific Fleet in Pearl Harbor. Answer The New Year&#39;s Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic (爱乐乐团) is a concert of classical music that takes place each year in the morning of New Year&#39;s Day in Vienna, Austria. The music always includes pieces from the Strauss family ― with occasional additional music from other main Austrian composers. The demand for tickets is so high that people have to pre-register one year in advance in order to participate in the drawing of tickets for the following year. The popularity of the concerts can be attributed to the creative energy of the compositions of the Strauss Dynasty, as well as their authoritative interpretations. These concerts not only delight the audiences in the Musikverein (金色大厅) in Vienna, but also enjoy great international popularity through the worldwide television broadcast, which now reaches over 90 countries. Originating during the darkest chapter in Austria&#39;s history, these concerts convey the desire of the Philharmonic not only to provide musically definitive interpretations of the masterworks of this genre, but at the same time, as musical ambassadors of Austria, to send people all over the world a New Year&#39;s greeting in the spirit of hope, friendship and peace.My translation维也纳爱乐乐团新年音乐会是古典音乐会， 每年元旦上午在奥地利维也纳举行。 音乐会通常 会选取施特劳斯家族的作品， 偶尔也会选取来自奥地利的其他知名作曲家的音乐。 新年音乐 会的门票一票难求，人们必须提前一年注册，才能参与下一年门票的抽签。新年音乐会大受欢迎，这不仅归功于施特劳斯家族作品的创新力，还要归功于其对音乐的权威诠释。音乐会 给维也纳金色大厅中的听众带来了愉悦，在全世界也广受喜爱，现在已经有 90 多个国家可 以通过电视转播收看。 维也纳新年音乐会始于奥地利历史上最黑暗的时期， 它表达了爱乐乐 团对古典音乐经典作品进行诠释的渴望，同时，本着希望、友谊以及和平的精神，乐团也希 望音乐会能成为奥地利的音乐使者，为全球送去新年祝福。 中央电视台春节联欢晚会（简称“春晚”）自 1983 年开办以来，已成为中国人文化生活中不 可缺少的文化消费品和一个挥之不去的文化符号。虽然众口难调，但必须承认的是，“春晚” 已成为公众所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不仅是一台晚会，更是一种仪式与象征，一种文化 与标签，一种情感与寄托。随着时代发展及新媒体的出现，观众的选择和需求日渐多样化， “春晚”也在与时俱进，以满足大众日益增长的文化需求。听力部分Unit11. A. Call the secretary again at 10 today. B. Make another appointment. C. Express his thanks for the call. D. Cancel the meeting with the secretary.2.A. She will buy another calculator. B. She wants the man to buy a calculator. C. She will give the man a calculator for a coffee. D. She wants to invite the man for a coffee.3.A. Go to graduate school. B. Study career development. C. Pursue something abstract.D. Work on theoretical mathematics 4. A. Ken has something wrong with his ears. B. Ken is better known than before. C. Ken attended the important lecture. D. Ken is always absent-minded. 5. A. The job is hard especially in summer. B. The job involves a lot of difficulties. C. The job is challenging but rewarding. D. The job is inviting only in terms of its pay. A. To get permission to attend his class. B. To get permission to quit his class. C. To get permission for a sick leave. D. To get permission to get her essay back. 2. A. She faces the danger of lowering her grade point average. B. She cannot take a film class next semester. C. She wants to cover her humanities requirements. D. She has difficulty in reading Great Expectations. 3. A. Sign up for free tutoring in writing. B. Work with Dr. Pearl at his office every day.1.C. Work with Dr. Pearl at The Found Librarian every day. D. Go to the University Writing Center at 11 a.m. each Friday. 4. A. Disappointed. B. Indifferent. C. Patient. D. Satisfied.Nothing succeeds like confidence. When you are truly and justifiably confident, it radiates from you like sunlight, and attracts success to you like a magnet. It&#39;s so important to (1)believe inyourself. Believe that you can do anything under any (2) (circumstances) , because if you believe you can, then you really will.That belief just keeps you (3)(searchingfor) success, and then prettysoon you can get it. Confidence is more than an attitude. It comes from knowing exactly where you are going, and how you are going to get there. It comes from (4) (a strongsenseof) purpose. It comes from a strong commitment to take (5) (responsibility) , rather than just let life happen.One way to develop self-confidence is to do the thing you fear and get a record of successful experiences behind you. Confidence does not equal self-importance. Self-importance is born out of fear and (6) comes from strength and (7) (insecurity) , while confidence (integrity) . Confidence is not just believing youcan do it. Confidence is knowing you can do it, and knowing that you are capable of (8) (accomplishing) anything you want.Anything can be achieved through focused, determined effort, commitment and self-confidence. If your life is not what you (9) (arelongingfor) , youhave the power to change it, and you must make such changes on a moment-by-moment basis. Live with your goals and your plan of action, and live each moment with your (10) (priorities) in mind, then you will have the life you want.Unit2A. He is upset that his sister is missing. B. He is tired of his sister&#39;s explanations. C. He is dissatisfied with his sister&#39;s housework. D. He&#39;s very unhappy at his sister&#39;s act. 2. A. He is always in a bad mood. B. He is rarely in a bad mood. C. He often loses his temper.1.D. He makes a fuss about losing his temper.3.A. He didn&#39;t make the joke about Horace on purpose. B. He made Horace angry by calling his nickname. C. He couldn&#39;t help Horace with his problem. D. He offended Horace deliberately.4.A. He feels unsympathetic. B. He feels it&#39;s too bad.C. He feels it&#39;s unfair. D. He feels disappointed 5. A. She can&#39;t get prepared for the interview. B. She is confident about the interview. C. She can&#39;t bear the all-week interview. D. She is worried about the interview. A. One or two times. B. Two or three times. C. Three or four times. D. Four or five times.1.2.A. Because the man loves the yellow and blue flowers there. B. Because he and his father had a lot of happy memories there. C. Because the mountain is a good place for hiking and camping. D. Because the mountain is the favorite place for his Family.3.A. He had a heart attack and died peacefully. B. He was attacked hard and died quickly. C. He died peacefully when preparing dinner. D. He died peacefully while sleeping on the bed.4.A. Boyfriend and girlfriend.B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife. D. Boss and employee.Moods, say the experts, are emotions that tend to become fixed, (1) (exerting) an influence on one&#39;s outlook for hours, days or even weeks. That&#39;s (2) (fabulous) if your mood is a pleasant one, but itwill be a problem if you are sad, anxious, angry or lonely. Perhaps one of the best ways to deal with such moods is to (3) (talkthemout) . Sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modern science offers an abundance of drugs to deal with bad moods. But scientists have also discovered the practicability of several non-drug (4) (approaches) to release you from an unwanted mood. These can be just as useful as drugs, and have the added benefit of being healthier. So, the next time you feel out of sorts, don&#39;t (5) store C try the following approach. Of all the mood-altering self-help techniques, physical exercise seems to be the most (6) (efficient) cure for a bad mood. &If you could keep (eadfor) the drugup the exercise, you&#39;d be in high spirits,& says Kathryn Lance, author of Running for Health and Beauty. Obviously, physical activity (7) (islinkedwith) mood changes. Researchers have explained biochemical and various other changes that make exercise (8) (comparefavorablyto /comparefavourablyto) drugs as a mood raiser. Physical exertion such ashousework, however, does little help, probably because it is not intensive enough, and people usually do it unwillingly. The key is physical exercise Crunning, cycling, walking, swimming or other sustained activities that (9) (boost) he heart rate, increase circulation and improve the body&#39;s use of oxygen. Do them for at least 20 minutes a (10) three to five times a week. (session) ,Unit3A. They are practicing the piano together. B. They are taking a music class. C. They are discussing shared interests. D. They are discussing their curriculum schedules.1.2.A. It was rather successful. B. It was not well-organized. C. It was planned in advance. D. It was a party worthy of memory.3.A. Go to a party with the woman. B. Make an appointment with the doctor. C. Look after the woman&#39;s children. D. Go to see the doctor at 11:00.4.A. She thinks he talks too much. B. She thinks he is always very frank. C. She thinks he is simple-minded.D. She thinks he doesn&#39;t like speaking. 5. A. He is going to congratulate Mr. Smith. B. He is going to move to a new apartment house. C. He is going to help Mr. Smith move to a new house. D. He is going to tell Mr. Smith the good news 1. A. Because she wants to take a long vacation. B. Because she wants to interview news producers. C. Because she wants to volunteer for an organization. D. Because she wants to prepare for the election season.2.A. The woman&#39;s husband volunteered to build houses after the hurricane. B. Over 150,000 volunteers worked for the building of houses after the hurricane. C. The man&#39;s sister also helped to build houses after the hurricane. D. More than 3,000 new houses were built after the hurricane.3.A. Because she is influenced by her husband who is a loyal volunteer of it. B. Because she can learn a lot of useful skills for building a house. C. Because she enjoys developing friendships and building communities through volunteer work. D. Because she loves the feeling of helping the poor to have their own houses.4.A. He would not let the woman have 14 days off.B. He finally agreed to let the woman take 14 days off. C. He was a volunteer for Habitat for Humanity. D. He would finish the woman&#39;s work instead.Many neighbor disputes end up in court because of poor communication. If something dangerous or (1) (illegal)happens, the cops are theobvious solution. But if problems that arise are grayer, communication is the best way to save money and trouble. Here are some tips to be a good neighbor and deal with a bad one: ? Get to know each other. Being a good neighbor doesn&#39;t mean (2) (takingfamilyvacations)together. Just knowing them well enough to say hi, or maybe borrowing a cup of sugar or loaning a gardening tool, can build trust and understanding. Issues are much more likely to occur among strangers than even casual (3) (acquaintances) .? Head off problems before they&#39;re problems. If you are (4) (throwingaparty) at your place, go to all neighbors who might be affected and offer them two things: a (5) (verbal) invitation to theparty and a card with your phone number. If they are not (6) (tolerant) of the noise or there are other problems, your neighbors can call you instead of asking the police to (7) (intervene) Tell yourneighbors what&#39;s bothering you C don&#39;t assume they know what the problem is. Be open and direct, not passive-aggressive. Ask for their opinions, and wherever possible, propose a solution that (8) (splitsthedifference) and demonstrates a willingness to compromise. Stay cool and positive, even if your neighbors are not. ? Check with other neighbors. See if anybody else on the block is havingsimilar issues C they may be willing to help (9)(resolve) it. If one ofthe neighbors is close to the troublemaker, have them come with you when you (10) (talk it out) .Bottom line? As with any relationship, being a good neighbor C or dealing with a bad one C is all about communication.Unit41.A. Ted will drop out of school. B. Ted is very interested in computer class. C. Ted will establish his own computer company. D. Ted is not capable of setting up his computer company.2.A. He is worried about the waste water recycling. B. He is worried about the price of the tiny engines. C. He is worried about people in areas lacking water. D. He is worried about the pollutants in wastewater.3.A. The man is tired of driving cars to work every day. B. The man is planning to buy an intelligent car. C. The man thinks intelligent cars might be expensive. D. The man is working with some engineers on intelligent cars.4.A. A business idea brought forth by an airline. B. How to share online profiles to look for a potential relationship.C. A dating program which helps people look for a partner online. D. The in-flight online service offered by an airline. 5. A. She suggests the man shoot videos for people online. B. She suggests the man quit the online business. C. She suggests the man start a video store online. D. She suggests the man edit videos for people online. A. He has written three stories and that is not enough. B. He has no idea about his new writing assignment. C. Writing three stories in two months is too much for him. D. The two-month creative writing class is boring.1.2.A. She has long talks with someone on the beach. B. She will first think about characters and the plot. C. She draws inspiration by taking long walks in nature. D. She usually goes to the train station to find inspiration.3.A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving.4.A. Watch interesting people with strange hats. B. Get creative ideas from real daily life. C. Listen to dramatic goodbyes in different accents. D. Talk with people to know their stories.Scientific research should improve our overall quality of life. The government should provide financial and political support to any research that is likely to result in immediate and significant benefits for the people. However, people&#39;s ideas (1) (vary) when itcomes to whether the government should support scientific research with no practical use. Still (2) (alargeportionof) people believe that the governmentshould distribute adequate funds to any scientific research that aims to improve the (3) (well-being) of people, even if it is of no practical use in the short run. Scientific research whose social benefits are immediate, predictable, and (4) (profound) should continue to be a high priority. For example, biotechnology research has been proven to help cure
information technology enables education to be more (5) (accessible) ; and communicationtechnology facilitates global peace by improving mutual understanding among people and their participation in the democratic process. However, this is not to say that research whose benefits are less immediate or clear should be given a lower priority. It is difficult to predict which research will (6) (ultimately) lead to the greatest contributions to society. Reluctance to finance less practical scientific research could (7) (have aharmfuleffecton) the efforts to explore new knowledge. This is particularly true of thecomputer sciences, For instance, before the first computer was invented, public opinions (8) (wentagainst) it, as most people saw nothing practical incomputer research. However, computers transformed the way human society evolved and proved to be of great avail in the long run, especially in terms of scientific development in fields such as the military, medicine, (9) (aviation) , and education.Therefore, never should we think that scientific research whose benefits are unknown (10) (isnotworthpursuing) since the purpose of any research should be to discover truths, whatever it might be.Unit51.A. She should talk about the promotion with her boss. B. She should keep shut until a better job is available. C. She should quit her job to get a better one. D. She should urge her boss to keep the promise.2.A. She can&#39;t understand the man&#39;s point of view. B. The man should earn the bread. C. The man is responsible for his family. D. She can&#39;t agree more with the man.3.A. The man is ungrateful in deciding to leave. B. The man has a good reason to decide to leave. C. She regrets having done a lot for the man&#39;s career.D. She asks the man to pay back the money spent on him. 4. A. He has to sit at the computer for half an hour. B. He will stop to enjoy a coffee break. C. He will finish his report soon. D. He cannot afford to have a coffee break. 5. A. She was just telling a joke about quitting her job. B. She wasn&#39;t satisfied with her salary. C. She was fed up with counting money at her job. D. She was to quit her job and look for an accounting job. 1. A. Having no ice-cold lemon juice to ease the crazy heat. B. Awful job, hot weather and working outside. C. Having to pay his rent immediately. D. Graduating from college without his own business. 2. A. A self-made millionaire. B. A gardener. C. A professional dancer. D. A senior clerk. 3. A. Supportive. B. Sarcastic.C. Indifferent. D. Worried.4.A. Playing video games for a living. B. Becoming a pilot. C. Working as a gardener. D. Becoming a ballroom dancer.A poorly trained manager can make an employee&#39;s life miserable. In 99 out of 100 cases, employees may (1) gradually become no longer (2) (suffer from) low spirits and then (enthusiastic) about their jobsjust because they have a boss who doesn&#39;t approve of them, doesn&#39;t listen to them, or generally (3) (erodes) their self-esteem.Three basic skills that every manager should use in order to be (4) (competent) on the job are: being specific, enhancing others&#39; self-esteem and listening effectively. Being specific means giving (5) (clear-cut) instructions about what is to be done and the results to be achieved. Being specific also means describing the behavior of people rather than(6) (labeling) people. It includes giving both positivefeedback that tells them what to repeat and corrective feedback that is firm, yet not critical. Then it (7) (comes down to) evoking in theemployees self-esteem. Self-esteem is a private, individual matter. It is not fixed, but goes up and down from day to day, or even from hour to hour. Thus, building self-esteem is no easy task. Managers can&#39;t MAKE people feel good about themselves, but rather, they need to help people develop their ownself-esteem as self-esteem is like a door that&#39;s locked from the inside. A final skill that today&#39;s managers need more than ever is listening. Listening may seem like a (8) (commonplace) skill, but it&#39;s not practiced as (tend to) thinkmuch as it should be in business today. People (9)about what they are going to say in response when another person is talking, instead of (10) what he / she means. (focusing on) what that person is saying andUnit61.A. The assignment couldn&#39;t be finished until Friday. B. The assignment keeps them too busy all this week. C. They still have plenty of time to work on the assignment. D. They will have difficulty completing the presentation on time.2.A. He is too busy to go with her. B. He has to read a history book. C. He has already visited the museum. D. He must hand in a report about the museum.3.A. Americans travel around the country in cars. B. Americans are heavily dependent on cars. C. America&#39;s roads and highways are highly developed. D. America&#39;s traffic problems are serious.4.A. They can get clues to our past from old family pictures.B. They are only interested in important events and people. C. They like the 20th-century photographs. D. They like studying ordinary people&#39;s family history. 5. A. He should have taken more courses. B. He will probably fail the test this Friday. C. He is not good at playing games. D. He should remember all those names and dates. 1. A. Working outside in the yard. B. Baking breakfast in the yard. C. Making lemon juice. D. Enjoying the air conditioning.2.A. It was invented during World War II. B. It was available in people&#39;s homes since 1902. C. It was invented by Willis Carrier. D. It was available immediately after its invention.3.A. He was often offered an ice-cold drink after work. B. He always wore wet clothes to keep cool. C. He kept cool in summer by swimming in a stream.D. He was happy to get sunburned when working outside.4.A. A weather machine. B. A personal ice cream machine. C. A portable air conditioner. D. Air-conditioning clothes.The Sultana was a Mississippi River steamboat destroyed in an explosion on April 27, 1865. An (1) (estimated)1,800 of the 2,400 passengers were killed, andthe Sultana sank not far from Memphis, Tennessee. This disaster received little public attention, as it took place soon after the President Abraham Lincoln was (2) (assassinated) . The wooden steamboat was constructed in 1863 and (3) (wasintended to) be used for the lower Mississippi cotton trade. Registering 1,719 tons, the steamboat was built to carry no more than 376 people. For two years, it ran a regular route between St. Louis and New Orleans. Sometimes it was asked to carry troops. The Sultana left New Orleans on April 21, 1865. Most of the passengers were Union soldiers who had recently been (4) camps. The US government had (5) (released from) Confederate prison (made a contractwith) the Sultana to transport these former prisoners of war back to their homes in the north. At 2 a.m. on April 27, about seven miles north of Memphis, at least one boiler (6) (gave way) , causing a huge explosion that destroyed the center portion ofthe boat, throwing sleeping men high into the air before landing in the river. Confusion and chaos (7) (ensued) as men tried to save themselves and others. Many drownedwhile others burned to death. The direct cause of the explosion was later determined to be the leaky and poorly repaired steam boiler. Passengers who (8) (survived) the initial explosion had to risktheir lives in the icy water of the Mississippi or burn with the ship. Many died of drowning or coldness. Bodies of (9) (victims) continued to be found downriver formonths. Many were never recovered. Some of the Sultana&#39;s crew, including the captain, were among those who (10) (perished).Unit71. A. He thinks he can repair the laptop. B. He thinks the laptop damage is beyond repair. D. It&#39;s hard to clean the spills fromC. It&#39;s not easy to spot the problem with her laptop. her laptop.2.A. Turn the switch off for a while and then restart it. B. Turn the switch on and then wait for a while. C. Turn the red light off if it is glowing. D. Turn the switch all the way up.3.A. The man believed that the exam would only cover eight lessons. B. The man would have to review more lessons to meet the exam requirements. C. The woman argued that the exam would only cover the first fivelessons. D. The woman would have to spend the weekend going over more lessons. 4. A. Change his ideas completely. B. Move forward to face the trouble. C. Meethis partner halfway to his home. D. Make a compromise with his partner. 5. A. Find a more suitable job by declining the present one. B. Decline the employer directly and politely. C. Thank the employer although she was rejected. D. Tell the employer her current situation. A. He hasn&#39;t read the textbook. B. He has difficulties in writing an essay. C. He thinks there are too many concepts in the textbook. D. He is worried whether he could pass the test. 2. A. Because he is too shy and nervous. B. Because he failed the class once before. C. Because he once offended the professor. D. Because he is often called on by the professor in class.1.3.A. She is well-known for being willing to help students.B. She is easy to talk to and good at making complex ideas easy. C. She has office hours on Wednesday at 11 a.m. D. She is a patient listener and can understand complex ideas.4.A. Do more research to get ready for the meeting with the teaching assistant. B. Post his difficulties online in search of expert opinions. C. Talk to some university professors who post video lectures online. D. Surf the Internet to get help from some great lectures online.Research shows a close relation between reading speed and understanding that in most cases an increase in rate (1) (was accompanied by) an increase incomprehension and a decrease in rate brought decreased comprehension with it. However, simply speeding the rate especially through forced (2) (acceleration) may actually result in making the real reading problem more (3) total (4) (severe) .The obvious solution, then, is to increase rate as a part of a (endeavor / endeavour) of the whole reading process. Then how?You can prepare for maximum increase in rate by establishing (5) (practicable) habits, such as avoiding rereading and whispering while reading, learning to adjust reading rate to increase comprehension. Rate adjustment may be overall adjustment, or internal adjustment within an article. As an (6) (analogy) , imagine that you plan to take a 100-mile mountain trip inthree hours, averaging about 35 miles an hour. This is your overall rate adjustment.However, in actual driving you may slow down to 15 miles per hour on some curves, while (7) (speeding up) to 50 miles per hour on relatively straight sections.This is your internal rate adjustment. Poor results are inevitable if the reader (8) (attempts to) use the same ratefor all types of material and for all reading purposes. A good reader adjusts his / her reading rate from article to article, or even within a given article. So you need to (9) (foster) a good reading habit by daily training until a flexible reading rate becomes (10) (second nature) to yo}