《经济学人》:高等教育 育人是育人,还是军备竞赛

这个时代病了,还病得不轻!是时候终止学历军备竞赛了
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这个时代病了,还病得不轻!是时候终止学历军备竞赛了
◎智谷趋势(ID:zgtrend)&|& 路口大爷01五年博士后才是全职工作的敲门砖“教育是人类最崇尚、最神圣的事业,上帝也要低下他尊贵的头,向她致敬。”要是门捷列夫能看到当今的教育形势,估计想把这句话收回去。最近,《经济学人》疾呼:“是时候终止学术军备竞赛!”这篇评论指出,全球高等教育早已变样,在一个“学术军备竞赛”的怪圈中越陷越深。不论是穷国还是富国,都在举上下之力投资教育,政府出钱,学校配合扩招,家庭乖乖掏钱,接受高等教育的人数节节攀升。乍一听,人类社会似乎将处处充满流动的活力,现代工业体系也有源源不断的后备人才输送。实际情况却打脸了。巨额的投资不仅没有得到预期中的可观回报,反而砸出了一场愈演愈烈的“学术军备竞赛”,高等教育人数激增,文凭变得低廉,雇主只能不断提高学历要求,导致大批毕业生面临失业难题。比如在历来重视教育的韩国,25--34岁的就业人群接受高等教育程度达70%,本科学历真的不要太烂大街。更让人吃惊的是,韩国的失业人群中竟然有半数是本科毕业生。连硕士都得去当电话接线员。而找不到体面活干的毕业生只能拖延工作,花更多的时间和金钱回学校深造,越多越多人在争相拿下更高的文凭,大学也造出了越来越多拔尖的硕士、博士、博士后。但市场需要这么多精致学历吗?经合组织(OECD)一项研究表明,博士们在取得博士学位后五年,很多还在做临时工作,这一比例在斯洛伐克超过了60%,比利时、捷克、德国和西班牙超过了45%,在有些国家,五年博士后才是获得一份全职工作的敲门砖。而大约三分之一的澳大利亚博士们从事与专业毫无关系的工作,高学历被极大浪费。中下阶级对学位的痴迷很容易理解:它几乎等同于社会地位,是获得一份体面工作的敲门砖,是底层进入中产阶级的入场券,是中场捍卫阶级的军火。教育也就落入一场美苏对峙式的军备竞赛中,“你有我也要有,而且还要比你强”的思路加速了“学历通胀”的来袭,A越来越好拿,学历注水。对于低学历的底层来说,高学历的泛滥却堵死向上的通道,社会阶层固化,寒门再难出贵子。教育学家警告,学历通胀是整个教育体系坍塌的前兆。你是不是以为中国教育的毛病出在“应试教育”,而非所谓的“学历军备竞赛”?那你就大错特错了。北大郑也夫教授在《吾国教育病理》一书中指出,“应试教育”只是病症,“学历军备竞赛”才是真正的病理。因此,当发达国家在呼吁终止这个怪圈时,我看到这场浩浩荡荡的“学历军备竞赛”在中国还远远没有到达顶峰,而且战火已经从高等教育蔓延至幼儿园阶段,这才是最让人揪心的荒诞现实。02最怕输的中国家长中国父母是全世界最怕输的家长,就算是在应试教育“荼毒”下成长的80后城市中产父母,也不得不向社会妥协。本来也想给孩子一个快乐无精神负担的童年,本来也想给他一个创造力自由肆意生长的环境,但是效果还没出来,别人家的孩子已经开始重视“素质教育”,早教班、补习班、兴趣班、奥数班、英语班……别人家的孩子越是机灵,心里头的焦虑感越重。财富可以遗传,但实力可以吗?不上补习班,会不会愧对孩子?将来孩子会不会跌出中产、坠入底层?能保证给他一个安稳、确定的未来吗?内心还在犹豫时,教育资源的分化加了一把火,优质教育越来越集中在一二线城市的头部学校,助燃这场教育军备竞赛的较量。终点现在看似是高考,但等高中再争早来不及了,初中也不行,幼儿园就要开始争,苦不堪言也不能退出。谁都不想这样,可是能怎么办呢,一旦你放松就意味着输了,别人会碾压你,你的孩子只能去等级更低的学校。上好幼儿园难于上青天,小升初、初升高更让家长们如临大敌。即便红黄蓝被爆出虐童事件,依然有家长为一个幼儿园入学名额连夜排队,为此争得头破血流。去年成都的几个小区为了谁家孩子更有资格入读学区内一所最优质小学而引爆一场“中产内部踩踏事件”,家长们比收入、比职业、比出身……焦虑的中国家长已经默认:幼儿园不如别人,小学也不会好了,小学不好,初中、高中更不可能超越。入学资格还只是“最基本”的战斗凭证。为了赢,“素质教育”也得跟上,不改善教育,就不可能改变命运,别人家孩子加持过的武器,咱们家一样也不能落下。教育变成销金窟,学区房、补习课、夏令营、出国游学.....每一项为了“更高起点”的背后都是巨额的花销。总有一天,孩子会知道这么强迫他学习是为了他将来好。在这场“教育军备竞赛”中,中产家长们早已经没有了自主权,只求能比别人家的孩子再高一头。北京的幼儿家长说“不会烘焙、陶艺,不好意思去开家长会”,家长还替孩子们开发出五大鄙视链,从动画片、旅游地、兴趣班、幼儿园到早教机构。当然,学校也会配合开发出彰显“高级感”的筛选条件。真是哪里有教育需求,哪里就可以成为踩踏他人的战场。人人都认为不能在教育上输给别人,出人头地,要上更好的大学,要有更高的收入和更体面的工作学历要高,要当社会精英,要牢牢捍卫住阶级,却悲哀地发现,学历通胀来了。03如果清华北大都买不起房,那还买学区房干嘛?这是去年刷屏的段子:“为什么学历不值钱而学区房值钱”引起中国城市父母的热议,一时间成了中国教育一个无解的难题。人人挤破了头想上大学,是因为“精英教育”的思维统治了社会。试想,如果家里是独生子女,怎么可能不鼎力支持他考上大学,就算是个三本学校也要去读,因为没有学历工作难找,没有大学学历也意味着很大可能失去大城市户口的获取资格,中专、高职的水平怎么和别人家孩子比,要矮别人一截的。学校这边配合扩招。这事儿舆论会支持,财政会支持,何乐而不为?扩招前的落榜生如今都被纳入高等教育的大门之中,但是门槛放低的那一刻,拿到手的录取通知书就已经贬值了。精英永远都只可能是一小撮,当地位上的百分之十变成百分之二十、四十,还谈何“优异拔尖”?那么这场学历军备竞赛只会被不断推后,进入下一轮的硕士竞争。政府大力投资教育,也让多少家庭误以为自己获得了向上流动的准入场券。滥发学历如同滥印钞,但年轻人还是得投入更多的金钱、精力、时间去竞争这份加速贬值的学历。为什么学历不值钱而学区房值钱?炒学区房一方面是教育资源的分化,但更大程度上是在概念炒作,炒作精英教育的理念。只要所有人都深信学区资源的异同会带来教育成果的差异,只有所有人都参与这场学区房的炒作,只要一日有人接盘,学区房就一直是一项值钱的投资。但是出于教育的初衷而买下学区房的投资值吗?攻读高学历的投资值吗?事实上,这场教育军备竞赛,越往后,越有利于能打财富持久战的家庭殷实的上层,对于普通人来说,学历的溢出效应也就越弱,那些能力不足而硬是要攻读学位的学生预期收益几乎会降为零。投入大半身家去竞争的中产家庭,会是赢家吗?郑也夫教授有句话是这么说的:“教育大饼所以能取悦全社会的公民,在于其“一药两吃”。对底层人其药效近乎障眼法,对上层人其药效类似宽心丸。”高考的热情很难消退,就算前人一毕业就失业,但信息恐怕很难反馈到高中生这里。高校在学生就业数据上的造假能将信息扭曲,大众不会知道真实的大学生失业数据,不会知道被随意应付的失业合同掩盖下的真实就业情况。04学历军备竞赛是不是在毁掉下一代?这在世界上很多国家,包括德国、日本都有法律规定的,在幼儿园期间不许识字,不许教算术,只是让孩子玩。中国父母将这场“学历军备竞赛”提前到幼儿阶段,是不是揠苗助长,最终会毁掉我们的下一代?儿童的创造力是不是被扼杀?再假设,马斯克如果生在中国家庭,是不是不可能在攻读斯坦福硕士学位的第二天选择退学创业?比尔·盖茨如果是中国人,是不是也会被家里人逼着把书读完?中国未来是不是依旧难出诺贝尔奖得主?教育改革的路还漫长。全球不少教育学者都在提倡应该给予年轻人更多的受教育和职业训练选择,不把高等教育作为唯一出路。在这方面,德国的“分流教育”为我们提供了样本。德国从十岁就开始分流进入两种中学:一种是中学、普高和读大学,还有一种进职业学校做技工,而且学生是心甘情愿学一门好手艺安身立命,没有人觉得这是“丢脸”、“没有尊严”、“失败者”的选择,一是技工收入并不比大学毕业生低,二是不存在城乡户口的分界。在现下这种顺我者昌、逆我者亡的社会大势中,父母该怎么做?在这里,也推荐一个TED播放量最大的一个演讲,出自被誉为“世界教育部长”Ken Robinson,主题为《学校扼杀了孩子的创造力》。郑也夫教授的观点也有启发性:给子女一点帮助,但不要伺候得太勤快,把他/她伺候坏了。记住他/她是一个生命,有自己生长的力量。在这个时代中,想从教育军备竞赛中完成顺利的大逃亡,只能依靠自己。
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《经济学人》搅拌乳海 印度和中国扩展海上力量 针锋相对(评论大亮)
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原文地址:http://www.economist.com/news/asia/-their-navies-expand-india-and-china-will-begin-bump-up-against-each-other-sea-churning
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Churning the oceans
As their navies expand, India and China will begin to bump up against each other at sea
海军力量的扩展,印度和中国开始在海上针锋相对
AT THE 18-country East Asia Summit this week in Phnom Penh, Manmohan Singh, India’s prime minister, found time to update his Twitter feed. He posted a picture of a Cambodian dance troupe performing “Samudra Manthan”, or “the churning of the oceans”—an episode from Hindu mythology. Perhaps he liked the reminder of India’s deep “civilisational” links with countries to its east. Or perhaps he was struck by the analogy to the present-day tussle for dominance in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific, and in particular, India’s emerging naval rivalry with China.
在本周在金边举行的东亚18国峰会上,印度总理曼莫汉·辛格忙里偷闲更新了他的twitter。他上传了一张照片,图中柬埔寨的演员队伍正在跳着名为“Samudra Manthan”或又可被称为“搅拌乳海”的舞蹈,这种舞蹈形式据传来源于印度教神话。或许他欣赏的是这背后所暗示的,印度通过文化这种形式与东方的国家联系在了一起;“搅拌乳海”的故事讲述了阿修罗和毗湿奴在海上的争斗,而这和眼下的局势——争夺西太平洋和印度洋主导权的争斗日益升级——尤其是印度与中国开展的军备竞赛是如此相似,可能他是对这两者间微妙的类比深有感触吧。
As it happens, “Samudra Manthan” is the title of a new book on this topic by C. Raja Mohan, an Indian writer on strategic affairs, for whom the myth is a metaphor for the two countries’ competition at sea. This contest remains far more tentative and low-key than the 50-year stand-off over their disputed Himalayan border, where China humiliated India in a brief, bloody war in 1962. But the book raises alarming questions about the risks of future maritime confrontation.
碰巧的是,最近有一本名为“Samudra Manthan”的新书上市。作者C.·罗杰 ·默汉,一位专门撰写政治战略的印度作家,他认为“搅拌乳海”的神话是描写两个大国在大洋上争斗的很好隐喻。不过这次的竞赛可比两国50年前的那场要低调的多,1962年在喜马拉雅山下,中国以一场迅雷不及掩耳又血腥的军事行动狠狠羞辱了印度。这本书对未来两国可能的海上军事冲突提出了警告。
Although both China and India have long, adventurous maritime traditions, neither has been a sea power for most of its history. Both have been preoccupied with the risks over their land frontiers. China had a brief outgoing flurry under Admiral Zheng He (). But it built a great wall, not a great navy. From Alexander the Great on, India’s north-western frontier was the route of choice for invaders. But after suffering from Western imperial expansion at sea, both China and India learned the importance of naval might. Both have globalised rapidly in recent years, encouraging maritime ambitions. Both, in Mr Raja Mohan’s words, are transforming their navies “from forces conceived for coastal defence and denying their neighbouring waters to hostile powers to instruments that can project force far beyond their shores”.
尽管中国和印度都有着长久的海洋冒险传统,但彼此在历史中都不曾有过海权思想,大部分的时候他们忙于应付来自陆上边界的隐患。中国曾在郑和的领导下有过一次简短的远洋开拓史,但他们并没有建起一只卓越的海军。从亚历山大大帝开始,印度的西北边界就是侵略者路线的不二之选。但在饱受了西方帝国主义来自海上的蹂躏后,中国和印度都领悟到了海军力量的重要性,他们的海上野心在近几年甚至开始加速全球化。C·罗杰·默汉认为,中国和印度正在实施其海军转型“从为陆地防卫服务、抵御邻邦的海上威胁的军事力量向可执行远洋海上任务的利刃”。
China’s naval plans receive more attention. By 2020 its navy is expected to have 73 “principal combatants” (big warships) and 78 submarines, 12 of them nuclear-powered. Last year its first aircraft-carrier, bought from Ukraine, indigenous carriers are under construction. Proving it can now operate far from its own shores, China’s navy has joined anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden. Of course this evolution is not aimed at India, so much as at building a force commensurate with China’s new economic might, securing its sea lines of communication and, eventually perhaps, challenging American dominance in the western Pacific, with a view to enforcing China’s view of its national sovereignty in Taiwan and elsewhere.
中国的海军计划得到了更多关注。中国海军在2020年前预计建设73艘海上战舰以及78艘潜水艇,其中12艘将会是核动力的。去年中国从乌克兰买来并改造的最新航母已经开始了海上航行实验,而中国自主设计的航母正在建设中。中国的海军当下正在亚丁湾打击海盗,证明了它可以顺利完成远洋军事任务。当然中国海军的现代化并不完全是针对印度,而更像是建设一支与其庞大经济力量相衬的海上力量,以保障它的海上航线安全,以及未来可能性的、最终挑战美国在西太平洋的统治权以保卫其在台湾和其他地区的国家主权。
Indian strategists, however, tend towards paranoia where China is concerned. China’s close strategic relations with India’s neighbours, notably Pakistan, have given rise to the perception that China is intent on throttling India with a “string of pearls”—naval facilities around the Indian Ocean. These include ports China has built at Gwadar in P at in Sri L at Kyaukphyu in M and at Chittagong in Bangladesh.
印度的战略家们对中国考虑的战略踩点极度执着。中国与印度的邻居巴基斯坦的紧密战略关系,支持了一种中国正在用“珍珠链”包围战术压制印度的观点——印度洋周边密布着正在建设中的中国港口设施,包括巴基斯坦的瓜达尔、斯里兰卡的汉班托塔、缅甸的皎漂镇、孟加拉国的吉大港。
None of these, however, is as yet a military facility. And the Pakistani and Burmese projects can be explained in part by two Chinese obsessions only peripherally related to India. One is the drive to develop China’s relatively backward western interior. Just as India sees Sittwe in Myanmar and the Kaladan river as a route to its own north-eastern provinces, Myanmar offers the south-western Chinese province of Yunnan access to the sea. Pakistan does the same for the western region of Xinjiang. And in theory India’s Kolkata might become the port for Lhasa in Tibet. Second is the so-called “Malacca dilemma”—the vulnerability China feels because so much of its imported energy passes through the narrow chokepoint of the Malacca Strait. Gwadar and, especially, Kyaukphyu provide an alternative route.
然而,这些港口没有一个是军事设施。为何要建设巴基斯坦和缅甸项目的理由仅和印度有一点儿关系。第一个理由,是发展中国国土向西的战略纵深。正如印度可见,实兑(港口城市)和加叻丹河是缅甸东北省份的通道,而也可作为中国西南省份云南通向印度洋的出海口。巴基斯坦港口为西部省份XJ提供了同样的便利。理论上印度的加尔各答也可称为XZ拉萨的出海口。第二个理由正是所谓的“马六甲困局”——中国为自己大量的能源材料进口经过狭窄的马六甲海峡而感到如鲠在喉。巴基斯坦的瓜达尔、缅甸的皎漂镇共同为中国提供了替代路线。
India’s naval advances are less dramatic. But it has operated two aircraft-carriers since the 1960s, and aims to have three carrier groups operational by 2020, as part of a fleet that by 2022 would have around 160 ships and 400 aircraft, making it one of the world’s five biggest navies. Like China, it also hopes to acquire a full “nuclear triad”—by adding sea-based missiles to its nuclear deterrent. While China has been testing the waters to its south and south-west, India’s navy has been looking east, partly to follow India’s trade links. India fears Chinese “strategic encirclement”. Similarly, China looks askance at India’s expanding defence ties with America, South-East Asia, Japan and South Korea.
印度的海军发展就不是那么激动人心了。从60年代起印度启动了两个航母计划,预计在2020年之前拥有三个完整的航母作战群,到2022年印度将会有160艘战舰与400架战斗机,印度海军届时将成为世界前五的海上力量。与中国相似,印度也希望以增加海基导弹扩充其核威慑、掌握完整的“战略核三角”。在中国在南海和西南方试水时,印度海军则向东望去,与其主要贸易路线相符。印度惊恐于中国的“战略包围圈”。同样,中国也冷眼警惕着印度在扩展国防上与美国、东南亚、日本和韩国的合作。
China suspects India of complicity in efforts to undermine its sweeping claim to sovereignty over almost all of the South China Sea. It saw evidence of this in India’s involvement in oil-and-gas exploration in waters disputed by China and Vietnam. The underlying fear is of an American-led plot to contain China. Even were such a plot hatched, India would be a reluctant conspirator. But it and China are in a “security dilemma”, where one country’s “essential steps” to safeguard its interests are taken by the other as threats that demand a response.
中国怀疑印度对几乎全部的南海主权虎视眈眈,证据是印度在中国与越南有争议的海域进行的油气勘探。而背后的担忧则来源于美国所密谋的对中国的牵制,尽管如此,印度也只能是个首鼠两端的同谋者。印度与中国处于一个“安全困境”中,其中任意一个国家为保卫其利益而采取的行动都会被另一个国家认为是一个必须有所回应的威胁。
A trilemma, really
真是一个三难困境
This is further complicated by the role of the United States, which remains the dominant naval power in both the western Pacific and the Indian Ocean. India knows that it cannot match China’s military muscle, but does not want to rely too heavily on America. China does not want India to emerge as a true rival for regional power, but does not want to push it into an American alliance.
未来的局势会因美国在其中的角色日趋复杂,美国在西太平洋和印度洋都保留着优势海军力量。印度知道自己无法赶上中国的军事力量(肌肉),但它也不愿太依赖美国。中国不希望印度作为地区性力量成为自己真正的对手,但也不想迫使它倒向美国的阵营。
The risk, as Chinese and Indian warships venture farther afield, is akin to that in China’s maritime disputes with Japan and its South-East Asian neighbours: of an accidental conflict that escalates. This is exacerbated by an absence of codes of conduct and forums to thrash out disputes. The East Asian Summit, which includes America, might one day become such a gathering. But for the time being it aims only at “confidence-building”. Marred this year again by squabbles about how to discuss disputes in the South China Sea, the summit finds even that elusive.
随着中国和印度的战舰们渐行渐远,风险将会变得和中国与日本、东南亚邻居的海上纠纷一样,可能会由一次偶然意外不断升级。地区行为准则和解决争论的论坛的缺失将会使这种纠纷越演越烈。有美国参与的东亚峰会可能最终会演变成两者的结合,但目前暂时它的作用也仅限于“构建信心”。今年的东亚峰会也被如何解决南中国海的争吵搅的一团糟,即使“构建信心”的目标也变的遥不可及。
swastikNov 22nd, 22:28
I think Indo-Chinese rivalry is over exaggerated.I have rarely seen my fellow Indians discussing china as a threat. They only admire Chinese for its economic success & are wary from the Chinese who might take their jobs.
If only china can kick out the terrorist Pakistan from its strategic embrace & India reciprocate to lend out a helping hand to china with T things will improve very fast
我认为印度和中国的对手关系被夸大了。我很少见到我的印度朋友把中国当作一个威胁讨论。他们只是很钦佩中国的经济成就、担忧中国人会抢走他们的工作。如果中国能够干掉巴基斯坦的恐怖分子作为一个外交拥抱,印度肯定会帮助XZ问题作为回报,两国关系会迅速提升。(推荐25)
Fun with FruitNov 23rd, 00:42
ASEAN cannot agree a binding code of conduct for the South China Sea because Cambodia, China's bosom buddy, keeps scuppering it: twice so far.
This situation cannot continue. ASEAN must unify if it's members are to play a larger role on the world stage.
None of the individual ASEAN members have the economic/political/military clout to 'punch above their weight' internationally, and this continued bickering is making ASEAN a laughing stock.
China's aim: to divide and conquer ASEAN, annex the South China Sea and it's resources, prevent the US from supporting its allies, and establish tributary dominance over Nanyang.
Obama is attempting to provide leadership in the region, but ASEAN must get it's act together. The first step towards doing that is to expel Cambodia.
东盟无法达成关于南中国海共识的原因在于柬埔寨,他是中国的亲密朋友,已经搞砸了两次了。
眼下的情况是无法持续的,东盟国家如果希望在国际上成为一个更加重要的角色,他们就必须团结起来。没有一个东盟成员国有足够的经济/政治/军事影响力超越本身地位在国际舞台博弈,持续的争吵让东盟看起来像个笑话。
中国的目标是,分而化之、征服东盟,吞并南中国海和资源,阻止美国与东盟结盟,最终重新建立朝贡体制统治南洋。
奥巴马已经决定重返东南亚,但东盟也必须团结一致。而第一步就是驱逐柬埔寨。(推荐26)
Ashok Chowgulein reply to Fun with FruitNov 25th, 03:32
The problem with China is its leadership, which indulges in playing games rather than give effective rule. This leadership has a megalomaniac tendencies because the individuals insist that they should be respected merely because of their position, and not because of what they have done. The individuals are in the position that they are because of connections (either family or holding on to the coat tails of a rising leader), and have rarely done any grass root work. In the process they do not generate any sense of humility, which is very important for a politician who wishes to be a mass leader. And it is such tendencies that makes them indulge in issues like the passport case.
The leadership does not understand any aspects of protest that happen in a democracy, and take them as a personal affront, rather than use the criticism for self-correction. Many years ago, when the then President of China visited Switzerland, and saw the Tibetan protestors, he was very angry. He said that Switzerland lost a friend in China!
When a Chinese dissident was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, the Chinese leaders mounted all sorts of pressure on the Norwegian government to rescind the prize. Little did the leadership understand that the prize awarding body has nothing to do with the government.
Such leadership will rarely do good for the people. The changes in the economic policies, post-Mao, had nothing to do with the people, but to ensure that the people do not revolt against the leaders. But this leadership rarely takes any actions against the family members of the leadership when the latter are involved in corrupt deals or unsocial behaviour.
Ashok Chowgule
Goa, India.
与中国的问题关键在于他的领导阶层,他们沉迷于博弈而忽略了制定规则。中国领导人有种妄自尊大的倾向,他认为自己必须被尊重,是因为自身的地位,而不是他做了什么。他们处于那样的地位是因为各种的关系(比如家庭或者沾了升迁的领导的光),却很少在草根做些实事。在这种情况下,他们不会有什么幽默感,而这对企图成为一个伟大领导者的人是非常重要的个人魅力。正是这种倾向使中国卷入了类似护照门的事件。
中国领导人不理解民主国家里人们的抗议游行,认为是一种针对个人的冒犯,而非用于自我反省。很多年以前,中国的国家主席访问瑞士,看到了很多XZ的抗议者而感到异常愤怒,说瑞士在中国失去了一个朋友。当中国的不同政见者得到了诺贝尔和平奖,中国领导人使出各种解数试图迫使瑞典政府撤销奖项,他们真的无法理解颁奖和政府毫无关系这件事。
这种领导阶层是不会为人民做实事好事的。后毛时代的经济政策变化和普通人民无关,只是为了确保人民不会反抗他们的统治。但他们不会针对领导阶层的家人子女,即使他们和腐败案件、反社会行为等有联系。
阿肖克·乔吉尔(本评论ID)
果阿邦,印度。(推荐21)
Ashok ChowguleNov 24th, 15:15
The article says: &China suspects India of complicity in efforts to undermine its sweeping claim to sovereignty over almost all of the South China Sea. It saw evidence of this in India’s involvement in oil-and-gas exploration in waters disputed by China and Vietnam.&
This would give an impression that it is only India that is objecting to China's sweeping claims. These claims actually adversely affect the economic well-being of the other nations that have a coast line on the South China Sea. And looking at the map of the claim, the absurdity is really obvious.
Ashok Chowgule
(上面同一个人接着说)这篇文章说:“中国怀疑印度对几乎全部的南海主权虎视眈眈,证据是印度在中国与越南有争议的海域进行的油气勘探。”这种说法会产生误会,仿佛只有印度反对中国的领土主张似的。实际上中国的主张对其他所有在南中国海边的国家的经济利益都是不利的。看下地图就知道了,这有多么荒谬。(推荐13)
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Fun with Fruit in reply to Ashok ChowguleNov 25th, 00:51
China is now including parts of India, Vietnam, the Philippines and the whole of Taiwan on a map printed inside new passports:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-
China obviously feels it doesn't need friends. It is going to continue pushing the envelope until something breaks.
(回复LS)中国的新护照里页中印的地图里包括了一部分印度、越南、菲律宾和整个台湾。
中国明显是觉得自己不需要朋友。他这是在玩火。(推荐30)
silent nightNov 25th, 11:30
The biggest problem is not that India or China why,how or whether to expand. It is that US's navy,an American country,which the author deliberately evades need find a reason to continue to stay in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean.India or China navies still isn't the main character in the two sea area.
最大的问题并不是印度或中国为何、如何扩展。问题的关键是美国海军需要一个理由继续维持在西太平洋和印度洋的存在,作者却隐晦的回避了这个问题。印度和中国海军始终不是这两个海里的大鱼。(推荐26)
benbersonNov 25th, 14:50
Great article. A whole new perspective of china's dilemma- not wanting to push India into the US' 'arms'!
很好的文章。全新的角度诠释了中国的困境——不想把印度推向美国的“怀抱”!!(推荐3)
ReportPermalinkReplysanmanin reply to benbersonNov 25th, 16:39
Oh, of course - I'm sure China must have felt similarly 'conflicted' about antagonizing India when they proliferated nuclear warheads and missiles to Pakistan. As if China's past behaviour is a model of pacifist self-restraint.
(回复LS)哦当然,我想中国也在与印度敌对的事件上感到了相同的“矛盾”!!他们可在不断送核弹头和导弹给巴基斯坦!!中国过去的行为可不能作为一个和平主义者自制的例子。(推荐24)
sanmanNov 25th, 16:19
As usual, the author's comments are deliberately myopic and slanted. Claiming that Gwadar, Chittagong and Hambantota are not yet military bases and therefore nothing to worry about, is like saying that the Varyag was only purchased to become a casino and is therefore nothing to worry about. As we can see from the latest headlines, the casino has become a floating fortress in suspiciously short order, and likewise the same would be possible for Gwadar, Chittagong and Hambantota. At that point, the author will conveniently suffer amnesia and forget their past pronouncements, leaving readers to scratch their heads.
通常,本作者的文章都是目光短浅而带有倾向性的。说瓜达尔、吉大港和汉班托塔不是军事设施而无需担忧,就像是说瓦良格号其实是买来当海上赌场的而无需担忧。我们都可以看到最近的新闻,这个海上赌场已经在极短的时间(简直令人怀疑)内变成了一个移动堡垒,同样的事情当然也可能发生在瓜达尔、吉大港和汉班托塔上。当然到时候本文作者又会说犯了健忘,不知道自己曾说了什么让读者自己抓狂去。(推荐19)
huaren200003 hours 40 mins ago
Another perspective is that it is the Brit's wet dream for the two most populous nations on earth to be at each others throats and thus make for a possible British Empire perhaps likely in the future. Alas, tough to say.
Both China and India have a lot of treasure to reclaim, so the Brits hold unto ill-gotten treasure with a nervous eye towards the future.
作者的观点就是个春梦留下的那一滩X液。英国人意淫着地球上两个人口最多的国家互相怀疑斗争,好让梦中的大不列颠帝国在未来起死回生。唉,这个可很难说呢。
中国和印度好像都有不少国宝需要回收,英国人还是抱着你们非法获得的财宝自己神经紧张去吧。(推荐21)
Mr. Cave Man
Nov 27th, 05:19
Beating War drums is what these 'strategic thinkers' do .Their job is to create conflicts where none exists. As for the facts , Indian and Chinese Navy operate essentially in different seas that are separated by a continental landmass. Malacca Choke point , Pirates issue are as much as Chinese concern as that of India's. Besides Navies are not some independent war machinery roaming around the Oceans rather part of a country . Since Indians and Chinese have made peace, Navies ought to fall in line as well.
敲响战鼓正是那些战略家干的事。他们的工作就是制造明明不存在的冲突。事实上,中国和印度的海军根本是在不同的海洋上行驶,他们被一种叫做大陆的东西分隔。马六甲、海盗,在这些问题上印度和中国所想一样的。再说海军又不是海上独立的战争机器,而是国家的一部分。中国和印度保持着和平,海军也会保持如此的。(推荐28)
<font color="# hours 56 mins ago
Sir, we are in total agreement with you. India is the most magnificent country on this planet and her hi-tech economy and year-after-year superb growth leaves a long lasting impression on us humble Chinese.
Their trains run on time, and without incidents. I heard that you just need to plan 5 minutes for interchanges in Indian train stations. Look at us, on the other hand, our flights are late and crowded 80% of the time. I will be too ashamed to even mention the word Chunyun. Their industries have been the envy of the world, producing from the Tata Jaguar cars to the Reliance smart phones.
Our poor farmers are still eating grass in the Western deserts, and in our more prosperous eastern sea board, we are still dreaming of our first Mahindra motorbike. While Indian software is powering the world's computer clouds housed in the skyscrappers such as the Burj Khalifa, we are still waiting to break ground on our very first high-rise building timidly named the Shanghai Center.
In the last 20 years, India has convinced all of us that for any country to succeed we will have to adopt the Hindu democratic system completely, from our cabinet, down to the grass-roots level everywhere. However, due to our stubbornly Confucius traditions our elites are procrasnically resistant to change, and we have had no successes.
Rescue however is at hand. The US, Japan, and Great Britain are far more effective states. They can adopt the Indian system quickly. I give it 5 once they have done it they can then teach us to learn their know-how of steering a country to the Hindu way.
Please, go ahead, US first, Japan second, and Britain third. We will start saving money from now. In 5 years, we should have enough down-payment to allow these splendid countries to teach us the way.
Many thanks in advance.
作者先生,我们完全赞同你的看法。印度是地球上最辉煌的国家,它的高科技经济和年复一年的高速增长让我们谦虚的中国人感到了巨大压力。
他们的火车从不晚点,也未发生任何事故。我听说在印度火车站你只需5分钟就可以实现换车。看看我们,作为对比,我们的航班80%是晚点和拥挤的。提到春运,我就感到更加羞愧了。印度的工业被全世界羡慕,从塔塔的捷豹汽车到可信赖的智能手机。我们贫穷的农民仍然在西部的沙漠吃着草。在我们稍好一些的东部,人人做梦都想拥有一部马辛德拉汽车(印度汽车品牌)。当印度软件在类似迪拜的哈利法塔里统治了世界的计算机时,中国仍然翘首企盼着我们第一座高层建筑落成,我们羞怯的命名它为上海中心。
在过去的20年里,印度成功说服了中国从内阁到草根的所有人:任何希望成功的国家都应完全接受印度的民主系统。然而由于我们冥顽不灵的儒教戒律,我们的精英抵制着变化,所以我们毫无建树。
拯救即将到来。美国,日本和不列颠英国是更加有效率的国家。他们迅速的学习了印度的系统,再给5年,当他们完成,他们就能来教育我们中国人如何改造国家驶向伟大的印度航道。
人类啊,请继续前进。先是美国,接着是日本,然后是英国。我们将会从现在开始节约财富。5年内,我们就会有足够的钱请这些灿烂的国家教育我们改造方法了。
让我在此先向印度表示感谢吧。(推荐42)
President Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camachoin reply to HuyuNov 27th, 06:37
It's funny how my reply to this ridiculous comment was removed but not the comment itself which is clearly a hate speech.
(回复LS)真有趣,我回复这个评论的帖子不见了可这评论还在这儿。真是讨厌的言论。(推荐5)
Asso Retain reply to President Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camacho17 mins ago
I think the comment is quite ironic, and funy also.
(回复LS)我觉得这个评论很讽刺也很有趣啊。(推荐4)
D8zA9caebPin reply to HuyuNov 27th, 10:42
Its a shame that Indian Hindu democratic system could not create an army of paid commentators, writing vanguard English. Nor does she has slave labor to toil 18 hours per day.
(回huyu)民主印度居然连一个连的付费评论员也没有,真是耻辱!印度也没有每天工作18小时的奴隶可共使唤!(推荐5)
注:搅乳海又称搅拌乳海是印度神话。毗湿奴和阿修罗为了取得长生不老的甘露,一同搅乳海,毗湿奴令诸神把草药投入大乳海,并拔取曼荼罗山以作为搅海的杵。搅海的工作持续数百年之久,从海中搅出一只牛,然后搅出天女梵琉尼,也就是谷酒女神。天神与阿修罗发动抢露大战。最后由天神取得,但是阿修罗之一的罗睺却偷偷变成天神之身,混在其中,饮得甘露,被发现后,毗湿奴用神盘将罗睺砍成两截。但饮下甘露的罗睺的头仍得以不死。为了报仇,他吞食日神和月神。结果造成了日蚀和月蚀。《摩诃婆罗多》中已经有搅乳海的神话。(From wiki)
如果你是mm,我就改成+100
翻译鼓励,再接再厉
huyu,哈哈哈哈,笑死我啦
辛苦了,感谢翻译
翻的好,多多益善
本帖最后由 lyj1987128 于
16:01 编辑
西方在坐看三锅上钩~!
严重怀疑最后一个是LZ,LZ你太坏了!
后边的哪个神话故事我有问题啊,为么一块干活,只有天神可以用,阿修罗不可有啊,白干了呀......&
卤煮很纯情的,不要说卤煮的坏话&
龙腾移动网页版
最好后一个是国人出战了么,他好无聊啊。
LX,高见~&
按照英语发音不就是
最后一个评论 一度让我产生了幻觉。。。&
我觉得是三哥在自嘲&
最后一个是在钓鱼吗
龙腾移动网页版
印度和中国除了人口其它啥都不在一个数量级上,还整天乐呵呵地当冤大头制衡中国。印度应该跟东南亚或者南美国家产业竞争。
幽默是自信、强大和智慧的象征,其中尤以反讽最甚,最后一个帖子很能说明问题。
关于最后一条评论,根据外国人的智商,他们会当真的。。。
...最后一个有12个推荐??................千万不要告诉我是 三哥三妹点得。
现在是42个,lz更新挺勤。&
是21个推荐&
最后一个是在说反话还是在说反话
最后一个看得比较乐 特别是关于火车方面的
我觉得吧~ 印度人和英国人真的和我们活在不同的世界中~
最后一个真乃强人
英国已经习惯了坐在岛上挑拨世界各地的力量,从欧洲到欧美,再到亚洲。
这种衰老与睿智共存的景象值得一看。
PS:最后一个回复大亮!
与中国的问题关键在于他的领导阶层,他们沉迷于博弈而忽略了制定规则。而这种领导人有种妄自尊大的倾向,一个人认为自己必须被尊重是因为自身的地位,而不是他做了什么。他们处于那样的地位是因为各种的关系(比如家庭或者沾了崛起中的领导的光),却很少在草根做些实事。在这种情况下,人不会有什么幽默感,而这对企图成为一个伟大领导者的人是非常重要的个人魅力。正是这种倾向使中国卷入了类似护照门的事件。
领导人不理解民主国家里人们的抗议游行,认为是一种针对个人的冒犯,而非用于自我反省。很多年以前,中国的国家主席访问瑞士,看到了很多XZ的抗议者而感到异常愤怒,说瑞士在中国失去了一个朋友。当中国的不同政见者得到了诺贝尔和平奖,中国领导人使出各种解数试图迫使瑞典政府撤销奖项,他们真的无法理解颁奖这件事和政府毫无关系这件事。
这种领导阶层是不会为人民做实事、好事的。后毛时代的经济政策变化和普通人民无关,只是为了确保人民不会反抗他们的统治。但他们不会针对领导阶层的家人子女,即使他们和腐败案件、反社会行为等有联系。
这段话看上去有那么点道理,但这些是怎么造成的呢,还不是中国人认清了国际政治的残酷和虚伪只好做了这样的选择.
医院、公安局、省市政府、法院门口都可能会有……&
我们这儿理解的游行,可能更多地表现为,上访= =+你去医院门口转转,很容易看得到= =b&
这个真的有,我2001年在西安遇见4次游行,甚至抗议者把路封锁了,而且我这里也看过抗议,最严重的是把警车掀了,只是没有报道而已。不过这都是以前,最近这些年我没见过了。&
提到游行,我想问一句,为什么日本人说中国一年有20万次抗议?德国人说中国农民经常抗议?美国报纸说平均一天106次抗议?这些都是真的吗?为甚么我一无所知?????&
游行坏事多,只要有一两个出格立马变质。从五四到现在哪次不是呢&
鼓励认真参与讨论
最后一个评论太TM搞笑了
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哈哈,最后一个评论居然有12个推荐
42个推荐,呵呵,是洗脑问题,与智商无关,哈哈哈。&
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吃早那个果断是自干五啊
最后一个评论一定以及肯定是中国人的,太坏了,哈哈哈
本帖最后由 秋意浓 于
16:55 编辑
&&西方总是喜欢把中国和印度扯在一起··实际上,中国啥时候拿正眼看过印度~~咱们当前的目标是美国,长远的目标是星辰大海
印度人真心被西方洗脑洗得够彻底 说什么信什么&
评论那倒数第二个评论很好地诠释了原因。只不过印度那脆弱的小心肝很容易就虚荣心爆棚,自愿地站到了与中国对立的前沿,实在是。。。&
= =最后一条一定会有人当真的………………森森的惆怅~
最后一个,你能不能不这么搞笑。
最后一个对春运都了解,要么是来过中国的老外在讽刺或者自嘲,又或者是国人跑过去凑热闹,
最后那个评论不是国人就是留学生,亮爆了
钓鱼技术MAX
这类文章看多了就很无聊!
龙腾移动网页版
nikijj 发表于
最后一个是在说反话还是在说反话
很显然是说的反话…
我擦!最后一个是神回复,这是哪个三炮干的好事?
顺便说下,那么多人推荐,如果不是三炮的战友,那就是忽悠了一大批智商偏低的家伙们!
最后一个评论的id就叫huyu2——忽悠啊,谁真的信了?
淫才,你暴露了。最后一条评论 要笑死我~
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希望大家多向最后一位学习 向外多宣传宣传啊 我们是落后的迂腐的不求上进的毫无优点的= ̄ω ̄=
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楼主认真翻啊!犯了语文用词错误“但彼此在历史上都不曾拥有过一只强有力的海上力量”中的“不曾”请在百度它的实义和用法
翻译错了请明示!是说中文表达还是英文意思有问题啊?&
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