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Dynamic eICIC
4956IEEETRANSACTIONSONWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONS,VOL.12,NO.10,OCTOBER2013
DynamiceICIC–AProactiveStrategyforImprovingSpectralEfficienciesofHeterogeneous
LTECellularNetworksbyLeveragingUserMobilityandTrafficDynamics
SubramanianVasudevan,RahulN.Pupala,SeniorMember,IEEE,andKathiravetpillaiSivanesan
Abstract—EnhancedInter-cellInterferenceCo-ordination(eICIC)isatime-domainmultiplexingtechniqueforimprovingtheperformanceoflegacyco-channelHeterogeneousNetworks(HetNets).eICICoffersseveralbenefits,includingamoreequi-tabledistributionofusertrafficacrossthemacroandembeddedpicocells(i.e.,loadbalancing),inturnleadingtobetterpicocellutilizationsandbetteredgeuserthroughputs.eICICusestwomechanismstoachieveloadbalancing:(i)acellselectionbiastoincreasethepicocoveragearea,enablingthepicotoattractmoreusers,and(ii)macromuting(“AlmostBlankSub-frame”,ABS)toimproveSINRsofrangeextendedpicousers.
Networkloadinthecellularsystemvariescontinuouslyasaresultofusermobilityandtrafficdynamics(thevaryingamountofdatapendingforauser—arisingfrompacketarrivalsandeventualdepartures).PreviousworkdidnotconsiderdynamicallychangingnetworkconditionsinHetNets.Hence,theystudiedthebenefitsofeICICoverlegacyHetNetsarisingfromstaticoptimizationofeICICparameters.Ourapproachisdynamic,andfurtherimprovesperformancebykeepingtheHetNetcontinuouslyoptimizedforimproveduserexperience,byadaptingtheABSinresponsetodynamicvariationsinnetworkload.Wepresentseveralanalyticalformulations,whichallowforsimpleoptimizationsandanintuitiveunderstandingofthedesiredsystemresponsetoloadvariation.Exhaustivesystemsimulationsillustratetheperformancegainsalongdifferentdimensions,suchasspectralefficiency,fairness,meanfiletransfertimes,numberoffiletransmissions,numberoffiledrops,andmeanqueuelengths.Furthermore,westudytheimpactofdifferentmobilityscenarios,trafficmixes,andadaptationrate.WealsoprovideabriefdiscussionofpracticalconsiderationsinimplementingDynamiceICIC.
IndexTerms—LTE,heterogeneousnetwork(HetNet),en-hancedinter-cellinterferenceco-ordination(eICIC),almostblanksub-frame(ABS),cellselectionbias,loadbalancing,interferenceco-ordination,optimization,dynamiceICIC.
agivenservicearea,whilepico(small)cellscoverlocalhot-spots(forcapacityimprovement)orcoverageholes[1],[2].InlegacyHetNets,userbasestation(BS)associationsarevia“nominalcoverage”,i.e.,
servingBS(i)=maxRSRPij,
whereRSRPijreferstotheaveragereferencesignalreceivedpowerofuserifromBSj.However,lowpowerpicoBSsdonotattract(andserve)enoughusers,makingitverydifficulttoloadbalanceaHetNet1[2].AloadbalancedHetNetwillhaveanapproximatelyequitabledistributionofusertrafficinthemacroandthepicoBSs.Whenenoughusertrafficispresentineachcell,suchaHetNetwillincreasenetworkspectralefficiencyapproximatelylinearlyinthenumberofpicos,asaresultoftheco-channeldeployment.Therefore,attentionhasbeenfocusedinresearch[3]andstandardization[4]onconfiguringsuchanetworkappropriatelytoensureloadbalancing,andmaximizingtheoverallincreaseinnetworkspectralefficiencyandfairness.
“Inter-cellInterferenceCo-ordination”(ICIC)isafrequency-domaintechniquetoimprovethelowSINRofusersinLTEnetworks.“EnhancedICIC”(eICIC)isatime-domainsolutiontoloadbalanceco-channelLTEHetNets[5],byoffloadingmacrouserstopicos.eICICusestwomechanisms,“CellRangeExtension”and“AlmostBlankSubframes”,toachieveitsobjectives.Undercellrangeextension,thecoverageareaofthejthpicoisextendedbyusinga“cellselectionbias”(ωj≥0),i.e.,
servingBS(i)=max(RSRPij+ωj),
I.INTRODUCTION
ELLULARheterogeneousnetworks(HetNets)arede-ploymentsofcellswithdifferentcoverageradiiwithinasinglegeographicarea.AtypicalHetNetdeploymentisonewheremacro(large)cellsprovidecontiguouscoverageover
ManuscriptreceivedOctober24,2012;revisedMarch25andJune14,2013;acceptedJune28,2013.TheassociateeditorcoordinatingthereviewofthispaperandapprovingitforpublicationwasY.Zeng.
TheauthorsarewithAlcatel-Lucent,MurrayHill,NJ07974(e-mail:{subramanian.vasudevan,rahul.pupala,kathiravetpillai.sivanesan}@http://www.wendangku.net/doc/dab4bf0115c6f.html ).
DigitalObjectIdentifier10.1109/TWC..121651
Userswithinthenominalcoverageofthepicoareclassifiedas“in-cell”users(INC),whiletheremainderofthepicousersareclassifiedas“cellrange-extended”users(CRE).Figure1illustratesanexampleofaHetNet,withmacroandpicobasestations.SinceCREusershaveastrongeraverageRSRPfromtheinterferingmacrothantheservingpico,macrosaremuted,exceptforoverheadsignaltransmissions,duringcertaintimeintervals.Theseintervals,called“AlmostBlankSubframes”(ABS),areintendedtoimproveSINRstothepicoCREusers.
fractionoftheusersservedbythepicobasestationsoverthetotal
numberofusersinthecellularnetworkiscalledthe“AssociationRatio”(AR).ThisratioisusedtoguideHetNetload-balancing.
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(CA), CoMP, 增强MIMO, eICIC 10xSmall Cell Per Macro, MSA, 256QAM 异构...NAS Security eNB Measurement Configuration & Provision Dynamic Resource ...? Dynamic switching between SU/MU MIMO NTT DOCOMO, INC., Copyright 2010,...? ? CoMP CA enhancements eICIC enhancements Advanced receiver Relay MDT ... and improve cell edge throughput CoMP CoMP Set Signal Signal eICIC ? ...Dynamic network load balancing, enable more efficient network Cell Range ...We propose a method for intelligent and dynamic interference management. This...eICIC Release 10 一的干扰管理模式无法获得最优的 网络性能, 因此联合使用多种...(eICIC), and coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission and reception [5],... burst-mode operation of optical transceivers and dynamic bandwidth allocation ...Rel-11 DPS/DPB /eICIC were studied for sparse deployment (4 per macro) ...Scenario 1b: Dense clustered small cell deployment with dynamic clustering ?...(CS/CB), Dynamic Point Selection (DPS) and Joint Processing/Joint ...Rel-11 defines Further enhancements to non-carrier aggregation based eICIC (...Relay ? Hetnet 干扰消除: eICIC ? 上下行导频增强 Rel-11 TD-LTE-A ? ...Dynamic TDD ? 设备内干扰避免 (IDC) ? 网络节能 -3- 目前, 中国移动在...(SON), interference mitigation features like eICIC/feICIC for *Corresponding ...ET requires DC voltage modulator to vary the dynamic supply voltage of the...mm/cm Dynamic ICIC: HEM:Holistic Energy Management across technologies and layers SON 算法 1 传统 SON 技术推进 ANR , MRO , ICIC/eICIC , CCO , Self-...503: Service Unavailable
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