问题分类：初中英语初中化学初中语文
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电磁炉是目前、热转化效率最高的一种炊具，小强想知道电磁炉的点、热转换效率究竟有多高，就用一个底面积为300cm²的圆柱形不锈钢锅装温度为20℃水进行加热，水的深度如图所示。他又查阅了家里电磁炉的说明书，参数如图，若g取10N/kg，求：（1）锅内水的质量是多少？（2）锅底收到的水的压强是多大？（3）要使水加热到100℃，需要吸收多少热量？（4）若不计锅吸收的热量和热散失，电磁炉正常工作10min才把水加热到100℃，该电磁炉的电、热转化效率是多少？
悬赏雨点：10 学科：【】
同学，你的提问缺少图片，这样就缺少计算的数据了。
（1）设不锈钢锅的深度为 h cm。那么水的质量为m=ρV=1 g/cm?×300 cm?×h cm=300h g=0.3h kg。
（2）锅底受到的压强 P=ρgh=1×10?kg/m?×10N/kg×h cm=100h N
（3）水加热到100℃，要吸热Q吸=c水m水（t-t0）=4.2×10?J/（kgo℃）×0.3h kg×（100℃-20℃），
（4）设电磁炉的功率是P,那么10分钟坐功W=Pt，电热转化功率就是η=Q吸/W×100%。
这里没有数据，只能提供公式和思路了。&&【 21:40】补充回答：同学，你的提问缺少图片，这样就缺少计算的数据了。
（1）设不锈钢锅的深度为 h cm。那么水的质量为m=ρV=1 g/cm?×300 cm?×h cm=300h g=0.3h kg。
（2）锅底受到的压强 P=ρgh=1×10?kg/m?×10N/kg×h cm=100h N
（3）水加热到100℃，要吸热Q吸=c水m水（t-t0）=4.2×10?J/（kgo℃）×0.3h kg×（100℃-20℃），
（4）设电磁炉的功率是P,那么10分钟做功W=Pt，电热转化功率就是η=Q吸/W×100%。
这里没有数据，只能提供公式和思路了。&&【 21:41】
&&获得：10雨点
（1）∵ρ=m/V，∴m=ρV=1×10?kg/m?×0.03m?=30kg（2）∵P=ρgh=1×10?kg/m?×10N/kg×0.1m=1000Pa（3）∵Q=C水×m水×（t-t0）=4.2×10?J/（kgo℃）×30kg×（100℃-20℃）=1.008×10的七次方第四问我也在找&&【 23:22】HTML5 Entities Reference
HTML5 - Entities Reference
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Characters Entities in HTML5
Some characters are reserved in HTML5. For example, you cannot use the greater than and less than signs or angle brackets within your text because the browser could mistake them for markup.
HTML5 processors must support the five special characters listed in the table that follows.
Description
Entity Name
Number Code
quotation mark
apostrophe&
greater-than
To write an element and attribute into your page so that the code is shown to the user rather than being processed by the browser (for example as &div id="character"&) you would write &
&div id=&character&&
There is also a long list of special characters that HTML5 aware processors should support. In order for these to appear in your document, you can use either the numerical code or the entity name. For example, to insert a copyright symbol you could use either of the following &
© 2007
ISO 8859-1 Character set is the most widly used character set. A complete reference of ISO 885901 character set is gievn below.
ISO 8859-1 Symbol Entities
Description
Entity Name
Number Code
non-breaking space
inverted exclamation mark
broken vertical bar
spacing diaeresis
feminine ordinal indicator
angle quotation mark (left)
soft hyphen
registered trademark
spacing macron
plus-or-minus&
superscript 2
superscript 3
spacing acute
middle dot
spacing cedilla
superscript 1
masculine ordinal indicator
angle quotation mark (right)
fraction 1/4
fraction 1/2
fraction 3/4
inverted question mark
multiplication
ISO 8859-1 Character Entities
Description
Entity Name
Number Code
capital a, grave accent
capital a, acute accent
capital a, circumflex accent
capital a, tilde
capital a, umlaut mark
capital a, ring
capital ae
capital c, cedilla
capital e, grave accent
capital e, acute accent
capital e, circumflex accent
capital e, umlaut mark
capital i, grave accent
capital i, acute accent
capital i, circumflex accent
capital i, umlaut mark
capital eth, Icelandic
capital n, tilde
capital o, grave accent
capital o, acute accent
capital o, circumflex accent
capital o, tilde
capital o, umlaut mark
capital o, slash
capital u, grave accent
capital u, acute accent
capital u, circumflex accent
capital u, umlaut mark
capital y, acute accent
capital THORN, Icelandic
small sharp s, German
small a, grave accent
small a, acute accent
small a, circumflex accent
small a, tilde
small a, umlaut mark
small a, ring
small c, cedilla
small e, grave accent
small e, acute accent
small e, circumflex accent
small e, umlaut mark
small i, grave accent
small i, acute accent
small i, circumflex accent
small i, umlaut mark
small eth, Icelandic
small n, tilde
small o, grave accent
small o, acute accent
small o, circumflex accent
small o, tilde
small o, umlaut mark
small o, slash
small u, grave accent
small u, acute accent
small u, circumflex accent
small u, umlaut mark
small y, acute accent
small thorn, Icelandic
small y, umlaut mark
Other Entities Supported by HTML5 Browser &
Description
Entity Name
Number Code
capital ligature OE
small ligature oe
capital S with caron
small S with caron
capital Y with diaeres
modifier letter circumflex accent
small tilde
thin space
zero width non-joiner
zero width joiner
left-to-right mark
right-to-left mark
left single quotation mark
right single quotation mark
single low-9 quotation mark
left double quotation mark
right double quotation mark
double low-9 quotation mark
double dagger
horizontal ellipsis
per mille&
single left-pointing angle quotation
single right-pointing angle quotation
& Copyright 2016. All Rights Reserved.Convert special characters to HTML in Javascript - Stack Overflow
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Does any one know how to convert special characters to HTML in Javascript?
'&' (ampersand) becomes '&amp' &br&
'"' (double quote) becomes '&quot' when ENT_NOQUOTES is not set.&br&
''' (single quote) becomes '&#039' only when ENT_QUOTES is set.&br&
'&' (less than) becomes '&lt'&br&
'&' (greater than) becomes '&gt'
10.5k52110142
You need a function that does something like
return mystring.replace(/&/g, "&").replace(/&/g, "&").replace(/&/g, "&").replace(/"/g, "&");
But taking into account your desire for different handling of single/double quotes.
2,04921218
The best way in my opinion is to use the browser's inbuilt HTML escape functionality to handle many of the cases. To do this simply create a element in the DOM tree and set the innerText of the element to your string. Then retrieve the innerHTML of the element. The browser will return an HTML encoded string.
function HtmlEncode(s)
var el = document.createElement("div");
el.innerText = el.textContent =
s = el.innerHTML;
alert(HtmlEncode('&;\'&&"'));
This method of escaping HTML is also used by the
though differently from the simplistic sample I have given.
Note: You will still need to escape quotes (double and single) yourself. You can use any of the methods outlined by others here.
104k31263327
20.5k64364
this generic function encodes every non alphabetic character to its htmlcode (numeric):
function HTMLEncode(str){
var i = str.length,
aRet = [];
while (i--) {
var iC = str[i].charCodeAt();
if (iC & 65 || iC & 127 || (iC&90 && iC&97)) {
aRet[i] = '&#'+iC+';';
aRet[i] = str[i];
return aRet.join('');
56.5k1572104
From Mozilla ...
Note that charCodeAt will always return a value that is less than 65,536. This is because the higher code points are represented by a pair of (lower valued) "surrogate" pseudo-characters which are used to comprise the real character. Because of this, in order to examine or reproduce the full character for individual characters of value 65,536 and above, for such characters, it is necessary to retrieve not only charCodeAt(i), but also charCodeAt(i+1) (as if examining/reproducing a string with two >letters).
The Best Solution
* (c) 2012 Steven Levithan &/&
* MIT license
if (!String.prototype.codePointAt) {
String.prototype.codePointAt = function (pos) {
pos = isNaN(pos) ? 0 :
var str = String(this),
code = str.charCodeAt(pos),
next = str.charCodeAt(pos + 1);
// If a surrogate pair
if (0xD800 &= code && code &= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 &= next && next &= 0xDFFF) {
return ((code - 0xD800) * 0x400) + (next - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
* Encodes special html characters
* @param string
* @return {*}
function html_encode(string) {
var ret_val = '';
for (var i = 0; i & string. i++) {
if (string.codePointAt(i) & 127) {
ret_val += '&#' + string.codePointAt(i) + ';';
ret_val += string.charAt(i);
return ret_
Usage example:
html_encode("?");
Create a function that uses string replace
function convert(str)
str = str.replace(/&/g, "&");
str = str.replace(/&/g, "&");
str = str.replace(/&/g, "&");
str = str.replace(/"/g, "&");
str = str.replace(/'/g, "'");
2,14263058
function ConvChar( str ) {
c = {'&':'&', '&':'&', '&':'&', '"':'&', "'":''',
'#':'#' };
return str.replace( /[&&>'"#]/g, function(s) { return c[s]; } );
alert( ConvChar('&-"-&-"->-&-\'-#-\'->') );
&-&-&-&-&-&-'-#-'-&
In testarea tag:
&-"-&-"->-&-'-#-'->
If you'll just change a little chars in long code...
In a PRE tag -and in most other HTML tags- plain text for a batch file that uses the output redirection characters (& and >) will break the HTML, but here is my tip: anything goes in a TEXTAREA element -it will not break the HTML, mainly because we are inside a control instanced and handled by the OS, and therefore its content are not being parsed by the HTML engine.
As an example, say I want to highlight the syntax of my batch file using javascript. I simply paste the code in a textarea without worrying about the HTML reserved characters, and have the script process the innerHTML property of the textarea, which evaluates to the text with the HTML reserved characters replaced by their corresponding ISO-8859-1 entities.
Browsers will escape special characters automatically when you retrieve the innerHTML (and outerHTML) property of an element. Using a textarea (and who knows, maybe an input of type text) just saves you from doing the conversion (manually or through code).
I use this trick to test my syntax highlighter, and when I'm done authoring and testing, I simply hide the textarea from view.
function char_convert() {
var chars = ["(C)","?","(R)","?","?","?","?","$","?","%","?","ss","?","à","?","á","?","¤","?","?","?","?","?","?","?","?","§","?","?","¨","ae","?","(C)","?","AE","?","è","?","<>","ù","?","@"," 1/4 ","ú","?"," 1/2 ","?","?","EUR"," 3/4 ","ü","ss","?","?","à",",","?","?","á","?","?","?","?",",,","?","ae","…","?","?","+","?","è","?","?","é","^","AE","ê","‰","?","?","?","?","ì","","?","?","oe","?"];
var codes = ["&","&#219;","&","&#158;","&#220;","&#159;","&#221;","&#36;","&#222;","&#37;","&#161;","&#223;","&#162;","&#224;","&#163;","&#225;","&A","&#164;","&#226;","&A","&#165;","&#227;","&A","&#166;","&#228;","&A","&#167;","&#229;","&A","&#168;","&#230;","&A","&#169;","&#231;","&AE","&#170;","&#232;","&C","&#171;","&#233;","&E","&#172;","&#234;","&E","&#173;","&#235;","&E","&#174;","&#236;","&E","&#175;","&#237;","&I","&#176;","&#238;","&I","&#177;","&#239;","&I","&#178;","&#240;","&I","&#179;","&#241;","&ETH;","&#180;","&#242;","&N","&#181;","&#243;","&O","&#182;","&#244;","&O","&#183;","&#245;","&O","&#184;","&#246;","&U","&#185;","&#247;","&U","&#186;","&#248;","&U","&#187;","&#249;","&U","&#64;","&#188;","&#250;","&Y","&#189;","&#251;","&THORN;","&#128;","&#190;","&#252","&","&#191;","&#253;","&","&#130;","&#192;","&#254;","&","&#131;","&#193;","&#255;","&","&#132;","&#194;","&","&#133;","&#195;","&","&#134;","&#196;","&","&#135;","&#197;","&","&#136;","&#198;","&","&#137;","&#199;","&","&#138;","&#200;","&","&#139;","&#201;","&","&#140;","&#202;","&","&#203;","&","&#142;","&#204;","&","&#205;","&","&#206;","&","&#145;","&#207;","&","&#146;","&#208;","&","&#147;","&#209;","&","&#148;","&#210;","&","&#149;","&#211;","&","&#150;","&#212;","&","&#151;","&#213;","&","&#152;","&#214;","&","&#153;","&#215;","&","&#154;","&#216;","&","&#155;","&#217;","&","&#156;","&#218;"];
for(x=0; x&chars. x++){
for (i=0; i&arguments. i++){
arguments[i].value = arguments[i].value.replace(chars[x], codes[x]);
char_convert(this);
1,24411339
var swapCodes
= new Array(, , , , , 6, 61607);
var swapStrings = new Array("--", "--", "'",
"...", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&");
var TextCheck = {
doCWBind:function(div){
$(div).bind({
bind:function(){
TextCheck.cleanWord(div);
focus:function(){
TextCheck.cleanWord(div);
paste:function(){
TextCheck.cleanWord(div);
cleanWord:function(div){
var output = $(div).val();
for (i = 0; i & swapCodes. i++) {
var swapper = new RegExp("\\u" + swapCodes[i].toString(16), "g");
output = output.replace(swapper, swapStrings[i]);
$(div).val(output);
Another one that we use now that works. One above I have it calling a script instead and returns the converted code. Only good on small textareas (meaning not a full on article/blog ect...)
For Above. Works on most chars.
var swapCodes
= new Array(, , , , , ,161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 338, 339, 352, 353, 376, 402);
var swapStrings = new Array("--", "--", "'",
"...", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&sup2;", "&sup3;", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&sup1;", "&", "&", "&frac14;", "&frac12;", "&frac34;", "&", "&A", "&A", "&A", "&A", "&A", "&A", "&AE", "&C", "&E", "&E", "&E", "&E", "&I", "&I", "&I", "&I", "&ETH;", "&N", "&O", "&O", "&O", "&O", "&O", "&", "&O", "&U", "&U", "&U", "&U", "&Y", "&THORN;", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&", "&#338;", "&#339;", "&#352;", "&#353;", "&#376;", "&#402;");
I create a javascript file that has a lot of functionality including the above.
All files needed are included. I added jQuery 1.4.4. Simply because I saw issues in other versions, yet to try them out.
Requires: jQuery & jQuery Impromptu from: /Impromptu/index.php
1. Word Count
2. Character Conversion
3. Checks to ensure this is not passed: "notsomeverylongstringmissingspaces"
4. Checks to make sure ALL IS NOT ALL UPPERCASE.
5. Strip HTML
// Word Counter
$.getScript('js/characters.js',function(){
$('#adtxt').bind("keyup click blur focus change paste",
function(event){
TextCheck.wordCount(30, "#adtxt", "#adtxt_count", event);
$('#adtxt').blur(
function(event){
TextCheck.check_length('#adtxt'); // unsures properly spaces-not one long word
TextCheck.doCWBind('#adtxt');// char conversion
TextCheck.wordCount(30, "#adtxt", "#adtxt_count", false);
&textarea name="adtxt" id="adtxt" rows="10" cols="70" class="wordCount"&&/textarea&
&div id="adtxt_count" class="clear"&&/div&
// Just Character Conversions:
TextCheck.doCWBind('#myfield');
// Run through form fields in a form for case checking.
// Alerts user when field is blur'd.
var labels = new Array("Brief Description","Website URL","Contact Name","Website","Email","Linkback URL");
var checking = new Array("descr","title","fname","website","email","linkback");
TextCheck.check_it(checking,labels);
// Extra security to check again, make sure form is not submitted
var pass = TextCheck.validate(checking,labels);
//do form actions
//Strip HTML
&textarea name="adtxt" id="adtxt" rows="10" cols="70" onblur="TextCheck.stripHTML(this);"&&/textarea&
56.1k10122200
a workaround:
var temp = $("div").text("&");
var afterEscape = temp.html(); // afterEscape == "&"
&!doctype html&
&html lang="en"&
&meta charset="utf-8"&
&title&html&/title&
$(function() {
document.getElementById('test').innerHTML = "&";
&div id="test"&&/div&
you can simply convert special characters to html using above code.
As was mentioned by dragon the cleanest way to do it is with jQuery:
function HtmlEncode(s) {
return $('&div&').text(s).html();
function HtmlDecode(s) {
return $('&div&').html(s).text();
function escape (text)
return text.replace(/[&&\&\"\']/g, function(c) {
return '&#' + c.charCodeAt(0) + ';';
alert(escape("&&&'\""));
12.2k43369
6,536125165
See JavaScript htmlentities
1,27211621
This doesn't direcly answer your question, but if you are using innerHTML in order to write text within an element and you ran into encoding issues, just use textContent, i.e.:
var s = "Foo 'bar' baz &qux&";
var element = document.getElementById('foo');
element.textContent =
// &div id="foo"&Foo 'bar' baz &qux&&/div&
7,61343871
Here's a good library I've found very useful in this context.
According to its author:
It supports all standardized named character references as per HTML,
handles ambiguous ampersands and other edge cases just like a browser
would, has an extensive test suite, and — contrary to many other
JavaScript solutions — he handles astral Unicode symbols just fine
1,48821437
Here are a couple methods I use without the need of Jquery:
You can encode every character in your string:
function encode(e){return e.replace(/[^]/g,function(e){return"&#"+e.charCodeAt(0)+";"})}
Or just target the main safe encoding characters to worry about (&, inebreaks, &, >, " and ') like:
function encode(r){
return r.replace(/[\x26\x0A\&&'"]/g,function(r){return"&#"+r.charCodeAt(0)+";"})
test.value=encode('How to encode\nonly html tags &&&\'" nice & fast!');
/*************
* \x26 is &ampersand (it has to be first),
* \x0A is newline,
*************/
&textarea id=test rows="9" cols="55"&&/textarea&
&script type="text/javascript"&
var str= "&\"'&&";
alert('B4 Change:\n' + str);
str= str.replace(/\&/g,'&');
str= str.replace(/&/g,'&');
str= str.replace(/&/g,'&');
str= str.replace(/\"/g,'&');
str= str.replace(/\'/g,'&#039;');
alert('After change:\n' + str);
use this to test:
Rakesh Juyal
Yes, but if you need to insert the resulting string somewhere without it being converted back, you need to do:
str.replace(/'/g,"&#39;"); // and so on
54.4k1076101
public static string HtmlEncode (string text)
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
var x = new HtmlTextWriter(sw);
x.WriteEncodedText(text);
result = sw.ToString();
Use the javaScript Function , that lets you encode strings.
escape("yourString");
12.2k43369
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Stack Overflow works best with JavaScript enabledA Clear and Quick Reference to HTML Symbol Entities Codes
entity name
entity number
description
why is this featured?
almost every website uses the copyright symbol
vertical bar
the vertical bar symbol is used to separate menu items or navigation links
Medium List Dot
similar to the vertical bar, the medium list dot is another option to personally i consider it more stylish
the up arrow can be used in the "back to top" link in a web page
Euro Symbol
we often find ourselves struggling to find the euro symbol on a keyboard
Superscript 2
the superscript 2 is a very common symbol when dealing with numbers, 1000&sup2;
Fraction &frac12;
give me &frac12; ...
i & all this webmasterish stuff!
entity name
entity number
description
Inserts a non-breaking blank space
quotation mark
copyright symbol
registered symbol
trademark symbol
Opening Double Quotes
Closing Double Quotes
Opening Single Quote Mark
Closing Single Quote Mark
angle quotation mark (left)
angle quotation mark (right)
single left angle quotation
single right angle quotation
Section Symbol
Paragraph symbol
Big List Dot
Medium List Dot
horizontal ellipsis
vertical bar
broken vertical bar
entity name
entity number
description
Generic currency symbol
dollar symbol
Cent symbol
Euro symbol
entity name
entity number
description
Greater than
Less than or Equal to
Greater than or Equal to
Multiplication symbol
Division symbol
Minus symbol
Plus/minus symbol
Superscript 1
Superscript 2
Superscript 3
Fraction &frac12;
Fraction &frac14;
Fraction &frac34;
Degree symbol
square root
entity name
entity number
description
left arrow
right arrow
down arrow
left right arrow
carriage return arrow
left ceiling
right ceiling
left floor
right floor
entity name
entity number
description
double dagger
inverted exclamation mark
inverted question mark
About EntityCode
The idea came from my constant need to add those hard to remember HTML entity codes, such as the copyright symbol ( & ), every time I’m developing a new website or writing a new article.
Usually, I either open one of my previously done webpages and copy what I need, or I go to
to search in their long lists for what I want.
I don’t know if I’m the only one doing this, but I know for sure that both methods wasted my time and exhausted my eyes.
Therefore, I decided to create a website that eliminates the frustration and the wasted time caused by this simple task.
I know that a full list of all the entities along with their names and codes is a must have for any web developer, but in real development scenarios only a handful of HTML symbols are actually used, so why waste time and energy trying to find what we need by reading long lists written in small hard to read fonts.
I hope that you find EntityCode helpful for your web development needs.
My thanks go to:
- For providing all the resources and tutorials.
- For his jQuery plugin for accessible, unobtrusive tabs.
EntityCode Elsewhere
My sincere gratitude and appreciation to the following people and websites that featured and reviewed EntityCode.
If you have reviewed or featured EntityCode on your website or blog, I’ll be more than happy to add it to the list, just let me know by using the contact info below.
Contact Info
Email: info [at] entitycode [dot] com
Twitter: @
FriendFeed:
What are HTML Entities?}